Subject(s)
Coronavirus Infections , Hand Hygiene , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Humans , Male , SARS-CoV-2 , SiblingsABSTRACT
The conference entitled "The Neurosciences and Music-IV: Learning and Memory'' was held at the University of Edinburgh from June 9-12, 2011, jointly hosted by the Mariani Foundation and the Institute for Music in Human and Social Development, and involving nearly 500 international delegates. Two opening workshops, three large and vibrant poster sessions, and nine invited symposia introduced a diverse range of recent research findings and discussed current research directions. Here, the proceedings are introduced by the workshop and symposia leaders on topics including working with children, rhythm perception, language processing, cultural learning, memory, musical imagery, neural plasticity, stroke rehabilitation, autism, and amusia. The rich diversity of the interdisciplinary research presented suggests that the future of music neuroscience looks both exciting and promising, and that important implications for music rehabilitation and therapy are being discovered.
Subject(s)
Learning/physiology , Memory/physiology , Music/psychology , Autistic Disorder/psychology , Child , Humans , Language Development , Music Therapy , Neuronal Plasticity , Neurosciences , Stroke RehabilitationABSTRACT
While it is often reported that musical experience can have positive effects on cognitive development in young children, the neural basis of such potential effects remains relatively unexplored. Employing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for such research presents as many challenges as possibilities, not least of which is the fact that young children can find it difficult to remain still and attentive for long periods of time. Here we describe an fMRI scanning protocol designed specifically for young children using short scanning runs, a sparse temporal sampling data acquisition technique, simple rhythmic and melodic discrimination tasks with a button-press response, and a child-oriented preparation session. Children were recruited as part of a large-scale longitudinal study examining the effects of musical training on cognitive development and the structure and function of the growing brain. Results from an initial analysis of 33 children and from the first five children to be re-scanned after musical training indicate that our scanning protocol is successful and that activation differences can be detected both between conditions and over time.
