Synthesis of silver sulfide modified carbon materials for adsorptive removal of dibenzothiophene in n-hexane.

Carbon nanotube (CNT) and graphene oxide (GO) as common nanostructures were modified with silver sulfide (Ag2S) using chemical vapor deposition. The raw and modified materials were tested for the removal of Dibenzothiophene (DBT) from a model fuel in batch mode adsorption experiments. The maximum adsorption capacities of DBT were 52.18 and 49.65 mg g-1, using CNT-Ag2S and GO-Ag2S, respectively. The adsorption isotherm was modeled using Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin models using linear and non-linear regression. The squared correlation coefficient (R2) and HYBRID error function were used to determine the best adsorption model. IR spectroscopy was used to study the DBT adsorption mechanism, and it was found that the DBT molecules lie flat on the surface of the developed adsorbents. Significant improvement was achieved in the adsorption of DBT using CNT-Ag2S and GO-Ag2S, where the maximum adsorption capacity increased by 127% and 117% respectively, which indicates a stronger interaction between DBT and the modified adsorbents.

Frequency dependent study of the correlation functions in EPR spectroscopy--The Cole-Davidson approach. II. 2,N-(4-n-Butyl benzilidene) 4-amino 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidine 1-oxide in toluene.

EPR linewidth measurements of 2,N-(4-n-butyl benzilidene) 4-amino 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidine 1-oxide (BBTMPO) in toluene at 1 GHz (L-Band), 4 GHz (S-Band), 9 GHz (X-Band) and 34 GHz (Q-Band) microwave frequencies indicate the presence of a distribution of relaxation times. The empirical response parameter introduced by Cole-Davidson for the analysis of dielectric relaxation in liquids has been used for the analysis of EPR relaxation data in the L-Band and S-Band frequency regions. The Cole-Davidson parameter can assume values in the range 0 < ß ≤ 1. When ß = 1, one obtains the Debye-type spectral density. The calculated linewidth data at 1 GHz and 4 GHz agree with a Cole-Davidson parameter of 0.7 for the spherocone shaped BBMTPO solute. ß < 1 at the L- and S-bands suggests the presence of an asymmetrical distribution of relaxation times associated with different modes of relaxation mechanisms or internal molecular motions. This study shows EPR experiments at low microwave frequencies are more sensitive to the shape of the correlation function. Differences between this study and an earlier study [6] on perdeuterated 2,2,6,6-tetramethly-4-piperidone N oxide (PD-Tempone) in toluene are attributed to the size of and absence of deuteration in the BBTMPO probe.