Subject(s)
Esthetics , Oral Surgical Procedures/methods , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Craniofacial Abnormalities/surgery , Face/abnormalities , Face/surgery , Humans , Intraoperative Complications , Maxillofacial Abnormalities/surgery , Patient Care Planning , Postoperative Complications , Risk Assessment , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Otoplasty, the correction of protruding ears, is a commonly performed cosmetic surgical procedure. Although few and rare, otoplasty has associated risks and complications. Most of these complications can be minimized by appropriate patient selection, careful preoperative analysis and planning, meticulous surgical technique, and compliant postoperative care. The surgeon must be familiar with the possible complications to avoid or prevent them. The astute surgeon must also be able to recognize and confidently treat adverse outcomes as they occur to minimize long-term sequelae.
Subject(s)
Ear Cartilage/surgery , Ear, External/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/classification , Surgery, Plastic/adverse effects , Cosmetic Techniques/adverse effects , Humans , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Postoperative Complications/therapy , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Surgery, Plastic/classification , Surgery, Plastic/methodsSubject(s)
Endoscopy/methods , Eyebrows , Forehead/surgery , Rhytidoplasty/methods , Esthetics , Female , Humans , Surgery, Plastic/instrumentation , Surgery, Plastic/methodsABSTRACT
The subcutaneous trichophytic forehead browlift allows rejuvenation of the forehead with precise, stable brow positioning, excellent visualization, and direct treatment of the brow and forehead musculature. This method avoids lengthening the forehead and, with meticulous closure, can produce an imperceptible scar and natural-appearing hairline.
Subject(s)
Eyebrows/pathology , Forehead/surgery , Rhytidoplasty/methods , Skin Aging/pathology , Endoscopy/methods , Facial Muscles/surgery , Humans , Patient Selection , Prolapse , Rejuvenation , Surgical Flaps , Temporal Muscle/surgeryABSTRACT
Reduction otoplasty carries few complications and can provide predictable and satisfying results for the patient and surgeon in most cases. As in all cosmetic procedures, proper patient selection is imperative. Accurate preoperative assessment of the individual deformities and the appropriate choice of surgical correction minimize unfavorable esthetic results. The single greatest cause of an unfavorable result in this procedure is inaccurate diagnosis. Surgeons must understand the normal external anatomy of the ear and learn to recognize the pathologic characteristics of the abnormal ear. Having accurately assessed the deformity, surgeons must be familiar with various surgical approaches available to correct them. Finally, it is important to have a working knowledge of the potential complications of otoplasty and their prevention and treatment.
