The effect of patient empowerment on patient activation level: A review of individuals with cardiovascular diseases.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of patient empowerment on patient activation level in individuals with cardiovascular diseases. METHODS: The population of the study is adult individuals receiving inpatient treatment in the Cardiology clinic of a city hospital operating in Turkey. In the study, convenience sampling method was applied, and a questionnaire was conducted from 543 patients. RESULTS: As a result of the analyses made in the study, positive and low correlations were detected between the patient empowerment scale sub-dimensions and the patient activation level. According to regression analysis results, it was identified that the patient empowerment sub-dimensions together accounted for 6.4% of the total variance on the patient activation level, and the increase in the 'knowledge and understanding' levels of the patients statistically increased their perceptions of the patient activation level. DISCUSSION: The results show that by providing patient empowerment in individuals with chronic diseases, their active participation can be increased in the treatment processes and consequently in the chronic disease management.

Investigation of the effect of cyberchondria behavior on e-health literacy in healthcare workers.

This study aims to examine the effects of nurses' and other healthcare workers' perceptions of cyberchondria on e-health literacy. No sample was selected in the research, and a total of 220 people were surveyed. According to the result of the regression analysis, the perception of cyberchondria explains 12.4% of the total variance on e-health literacy. Based on the findings of the research, it can be said that the increase in the perception of the participants about the excessiveness dimension increases the levels of e-health literacy statistically.

Investigation of the Effect of COVID-19 Perceived Risk on Death Anxiety, Satisfaction With Life, and Psychological Well-Being.

This study aims to examine the effect of COVID-19 perceived risk on death anxiety, satisfaction with life, and psychological well-being. The application part of the research was conducted on staff working in a public hospital. A convenience sample of staff working in a public hospital was used and data were obtained from 573 individuals. The result of the analysis determined that the COVID-19 perceived risk explains 13.5% of the total variance on death anxiety. The regression models identified that the increase in COVID-19 risk perceptions of the participants statistically increased their death anxiety and decreased their satisfaction with life and psychological well-being.

Is Vaccine Hesitancy Affected by Distrust in the Healthcare System? A Study in Turkish Population.

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the perception of distrust in the healthcare system on vaccine hesitancy and to determine the association between the sociodemographic characters of the participants and their perception of distrust and their vaccine hesitancy. The population consisted of individuals who were 20 years old and above and were residing in Turkey. A total of 986 people participated in the study. The data were collected through a questionnaire that was prepared on Google Forms. As a result of the regression analysis, distrust in the healthcare system explained 20.7% of total variance in vaccine hesitancy and an increase in the perception of distrust in the healthcare system statistically increased the vaccine hesitancy. In the study, it was also determined that the participants' perceptions of distrust in the healthcare system caused statistically significant differences based on the variables of marital status, employment status, alcohol consumption, age, education level and income level. It was revealed that the participants' perceptions of vaccine hesitancy caused a statistically significant difference only based on age and the frequency of applying to the health institution.

Examination of Pandemic Awareness, Death Anxiety, and Spiritual Well-Being in Elderly Individuals.

This study aimed to examine the relationships between the variables of pandemic awareness, death anxiety, and spiritual well-being and reveal whether the participants' perceptions of pandemic awareness, death anxiety, and spiritual well-being differed according to various sociodemographic characteristics. The study population is comprised of individuals aged 65 years and over in Edirne, Turkey. The data obtained from 449 people in the study were analyzed using various statistical methods. According to the results of the regression analysis performed in the study, the increase in the participants' pandemic awareness was found to reduce their death anxiety and increase their spiritual well-being statistically. Moreover, the increase in the participants' death anxiety statistically reduced their spiritual well-being.

Investigation of Burnout, Life Engagement and Well-Being in Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The nurses experience burnout due to COVID-19 and their psychological state is adversely affected by the pandemic. This study aims to examine the relationships between nurses' COVID-19 burnout, life engagement, and well-being perceptions. The study was carried out on 310 nurses working in a university hospital. As a result of the regression analysis, it was determined that the perception of COVID-19 burnout explained 14.7% of the total variance of life engagement and 40.8% of the total variance of well-being. The study also revealed that the perception of well-being explained 25% of the total variance of life engagement.

Investigation of the Perceived Coronavirus Threat, E-Health Literacy, and Psychological Well-Being in Turkey.

This study aims to examine the relationship between e-health literacy, psychological well-being, and perceived coronavirus disease threat in people aged 18 and over living in Turkey. Another aim of the study is to reveal whether the participants' perceptions about the threat of coronavirus disease, e-health literacy, and psychological well-being differ according to various socio-demographic characteristics. Data was collected from 5153 people through a questionnaire created via Google Form on the Internet. The data collection process was carried out on April 22-27, 2020. According to the result of the regression analysis made in line with the data obtained; it was determined that the perceived coronavirus threat explained 4.6% of the total variance on psychological well-being and 2.7% of the total variance on e-health literacy; and finally, e-health literacy explained 18.6% of the total variance on psychological well-being. The study also revealed that the participants' scores regarding the perceived coronavirus threat show statistically significant differences depending on age, gender, marital status, education level, place of residence, income level, having a chronic disease, regular drug use, smoking use, the degree of information about the coronavirus disease and watching TV programs about the current coronavirus news. As a result of this research, it is thought that individuals should minimize their perception of coronavirus threats by increasing their e-health literacy levels, and thus, their psychological well-being levels should be increased.

Investigating Self-Care Agency and Well-Being of Elderly People.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between self-care agency and well-being perceptions of elderly people and to reveal whether or not self-care agency and well-being differ based on some socio-demographic characteristics. In the study, the data were collected by using Self-Care Agency Scale and WHO-5 Well-Being Scale from 394 elderly individuals residing in the city center of Burdur province between November and December 2019. In data analysis, descriptive statistical methods, one-way analysis of variance, two independent groups t-test, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis were used. The correlation analysis results of the study indicated that there was a positive and moderate correlation between self-care agency and well-being of the participants (r = 0.41). According to the regression analysis, participants' perception on self-care agency accounted for 17.3% of total variance on well-being. According to this, increasing perceptions on self-care agency statistically increased well-being perceptions (t = 9.069; p < .001). In addition to, it was determined in the study, while participants' well-being scores showed significant differences in terms of age groups, and their' self-care agency and well-being scores showed statistically significant differences according to the educational level.

Investigation of COVID-19 Perceived Risk in Public Hospital Workers in Turkey.

The aim of this study is to determine the COVID-19 risk perceptions of the personnel working in a public hospital. The research was carried out by performing a survey on 573 people working in a public hospital in Turkey. In the study, a statistically significant difference was identified between the cognitive dimension and the variables of age, marital status, educational level, duty in the hospital, total working time in the health sector, and the current unit. In the emotional dimension, statistically significant differences were determined based on the following variables: gender, marital status, educational level, and duty in the hospital.

Investigation of COVID-19 Fear, Well-Being and Life Satisfaction in Turkish Society.

This study aims to examine the relationship between the fear of COVID-19, well-being, and life satisfaction perceptions of people aged 18 and over living in Turkey. Another aim of the study is to reveal whether the participants' COVID-19 fear, well-being, and life satisfaction perceptions change according to various socio-demographic characteristics. In the study, data was collected from 3111 people through a questionnaire created via Google Form on the internet. The data collection process was carried out on April 11-16, 2020. The results obtained from the study showed that COVID-19 fear status and life satisfaction levels of the participants were moderate while the well-being levels were low. According to the result of the regression analysis, it was determined that the fear of COVID-19 explained 11.3% of the total variance on well-being and 1.3% of the total variance on life satisfaction; and well-being explained 19.4% of the total variance on life satisfaction. Furthermore, it was determined that the scores of the participants regarding the fear of COVID-19 showed statistically significant differences according to age, gender, education level, working status, having any chronic diseases, regular drug use, and income level.

The Relationship between the Nurses' Perception of Electronic Health Records and Patient Privacy.

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the nurses' perception of electronic health records and patient privacy regarding patient information and socio-economic variables. The implementation part of the study was conducted on nurses working in a public hospital located in the Kilis province in Turkey. As a result of the analysis, the increase in the perceptions of the participants regarding the electronic health records statistically increases their perceptions about patient privacy. It was also determined that the scores of nurses regarding patient privacy showed statistically significant differences based only on the total working time in the current unit.

Paternalistic Leadership, Ethical Climate and Performance in Health Staff.

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between paternalistic leadership, ethical climate and performance among health staff. The implementation part of the study has been carried out on the health staff working in a public hospital taking place in the city of Kirikkale (Turkey).The data attained from 460 participants have been assessed. As a result of the analyses; relationships between paternalistic leadership and dimensions of ethical climate (egoism, benevolence, principle climate) were positive and significance. In addition to, both the relationship between ethical climate dimensions and performance and between paternalist leadership and performance was significance.

Effects of electronic medical records on patient safety culture: The perspective of nurses.

OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the effects of nurses' views regarding electronic medical records on patient safety culture. METHODS: The implementation part of the study was conducted with nurses working in seven state hospitals in the Burdur province of Turkey. The data were collected between 15 March and 20 April 2018. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed to evaluate the relationships among the variables in the study. In addition, descriptive analyses (mean, standard deviation) and Cronbach α coefficients of reliability of the scales were also used. RESULTS: The results of the analyses revealed that control variables (gender, educational level, age, etc) and all dimensions of electronic medical records affected all three dimensions of patient safety culture. The control variables and all dimensions of electronic medical records explained 41% of the total variance in perceptions of process, 42.5% of the total variance in management support for patient safety, and 27.9% of the total variance in perceptions of safety. DISCUSSION: This study provides insight concerning the effects of nurses' views of electronic medical records on patient safety culture. The results of the study reveal that nurses' views of electronic medical records affect the perception of patient safety culture positively. CONCLUSIONS: It is recommended that further studies be conducted on topics such as the use of medical records and the development of patient safety. Health care managers should encourage nurses to undergo training and educational efforts on electronic medical records and patient safety.

Paternalistic Leadership, Organizational Cynicism, and Intention to Quit One's Job in Nursing.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between paternalistic leadership, organizational cynicism, and the intention to quit one's job among nurses. The implementation part of the study was carried out with nurses working in a public hospital in the city of Mersin, Turkey. Data were collected in January 2018 from 215 participants and then analyzed. The analyses indicate that the dimensions of organizational cynicism and paternalistic leadership explained 41.8% of the variance for the intention to quit. In addition, there were negative and significant relationships between paternalistic leadership and dimensions of organizational cynicism. As the participants' perceptions of cognitive cynicism and behavioral cynicism increased, their intention to quit increased. In addition, as their perceptions of paternalistic leadership increased, their cognitive, affective, and behavioral cynicism decreased. This study will help managers of healthcare institutions better understand how paternalistic leadership is related to organizational cynicism and the intention to quit one's job.

The Relationship Between Authentic Leadership, Performance and Intention to Quit the Job of Nurses.

This study examines the relationships between of nurses' perception of their authentic leadership, intention to quit, and employee performance. The implementation part of the study was conducted with nurses working in a public hospital in the city of Yozgat, Turkey. The data were collected in December 2017 from 189 participants. The results of the analyses showed that relationships between authentic leadership dimensions and intention to quit were not significant. While the all dimensions of authentic leadership explained 6.8% of the variance for the employee performance; explained 3.7% of the variance for the intention to quit. According to these results, improving authentic leadership perception of nurses will improve nurse performance.

Exploring the impacts of personal factors on clinical leadership in a university hospital.

BACKGROUND: Clinical leadership is one of the important issues that should be carefully discussed with clinicians in the health sector. AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical leadership qualities of physicians and nurses and to examine effect variables such as age, gender, marital status, total working time, educational level, profession, working unit, formal education on management, leadership and clinical leadership on the subdimensions of clinical leadership. METHODS: Participants included physicians and nurses working in a university hospital in Ankara, Turkey, and 261 participants responded to the research instrument. Data were collected from January to March 2016. Descriptive statistics, the significance test of difference between two means, and one-way analysis of variance were used in the data analysis. RESULTS: The findings revealed that total working time in the health sector and in the current working unit affect all subdimensions of clinical leadership (p < 0.05). Whereas the subdimension of managing services has the highest mean score, the subdimension of personal qualities has the lowest mean score in clinical leadership. CONCLUSION: Clinicians must aspire to achieve professional and managerial levels, which can improve their clinical expertise and clinical leadership skills.

Effect of Health Literacy on Health Perception: An Application in Individuals at Age 65 and Older.

This study has been conducted to look through the effects of health literacy levels of individuals age 65 years and older on their health perceptions. The application part of study is composed of persons being age 65 years or older who live in Burdur province and districts of Turkey. The sampling of study has been determined by a nonclustered, single-step random probability sampling method based on primary mass ratios. Thereby, totally 611 questionnaires have been implemented by means of the face-to-face interview method. As a result of the analyses carried out, the subdimensions of health literacy explain 16.3% of total variance on the importance of health, 6.4% of total variance on the center of control, 10.8% of total variance on the self-awareness, and 16.1% of total variance on the certainty. In addition, it has been identified that the correlations of health literacy subdimensions with the health perception subdimensions were statistically significant, in the same direction, at low and medium level. These results show that the health literacy sub-dimensions is an important determinant on the health perception dimensions.

Impact of nurses' perceptions of work environment and communication satisfaction on their intention to quit.

AIM: This study examines the association of nurses' perception of their work environment and communication satisfaction with their intention to quit. METHOD: The implementation part of the study was conducted with nurses working in a public hospital in the city of Burdur, Turkey. Data were collected in January 2017 from 175 participants and then assessed. RESULTS: The analysis showed that perceptions of the work environment and communication satisfaction taken together explain the total variance of the intention to quit. While participants' perceptions of the work environment become increasingly positive, their communication satisfaction increases and their intention to quit decreases. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest that making improvements to the nursing work environment and nurses' communication satisfaction will decrease their intention to quit.

Exploring the impacts of personal factors on self-leadership in a hospital setting.

Self-leadership may be defined as a self-effecting process that individuals experience by maintaining the motivation they require for fulfilling their roles and duties. The self-leadership process comprises three key strategies: behaviour-oriented strategies, natural reward strategies and constructive thought pattern strategies. What is intended herein is to inquire about the implementation of self-leadership within organisations and to examine the effects of such variables as age, gender, total terms of employment, marital status and education on self-leadership strategies. The primary data collection instrument was a survey distributed to 450 personnel working at a state hospital in Kirikkale, Turkey, and feedback thereto was received from 308 (68.4%) of those surveyed. As a result of the findings taken from the analyses, age, total terms of employment and receipt of education in leadership affect the use of self-leadership strategies. Although age and total terms of employment display a negative-directional correlation with the self-leadership strategies, female employees and those who receive education in leadership are more inclined towards self-leadership strategies.

Chronic inflammation: a poor prognostic factor for endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.

Endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR) success can be affected by many factors. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of chronic inflammation on the surgical outcome of En-DCR. A series of 25 primary En-DCR cases and their lacrimal sac specimens were involved in the study. The surgical outcomes were assessed subjectively (satisfied and unsatisfied) and objectively (successful and unsuccessful). All the specimens were examined for the chronic inflammation related histopathological features (inflammatory cell infiltration, fibrosis and capillary proliferation) and graded according to their severity. Moreover, a "chronic inflammation score" was established to determine the intensity of chronic inflammation using the grade of histopathological features. A quantitative and statistical analysis of histopathological features and chronic inflammation were performed between patients with satisfactory and unsatisfactory outcome; and patients with successful and unsuccessful outcome. The overall success rate according to subjective and objective assessment was 60%. However, 9 of 10 patients with unsatisfactory and/or unsuccessful outcome (90%) had severe chronic inflammation of lacrimal sac. In subjective assessment, inflammatory cell infiltration (p = 0.050), fibrosis (p = 0.037), capillary proliferation (p = 0.007) and chronic inflammation (p = 0.003) had a statistically significant difference between patients with satisfactory and unsatisfactory outcome. In objective assessment, statistically significant differences were detected between patients with successful and unsuccessful outcome when they compared according to inflammatory cell infiltration (p = 0.027), capillary proliferation (p = 0.007) and chronic inflammation (p = 0.003). Chronic inflammation related histopathological features of variable degree may have a role on En-DCR outcome. Chronic inflammatory score can be used as an indicator of En-DCR success.