Evaluation of the hormones responsible for the gastrointestinal motility in cattle with displacement of the abomasum; ghrelin, motilin and gastrin.

This study provides the evidence of increased serum gastrointestinal motility hormone concentrations including ghrelin, motilin and gastrin in cattle with displacement of abomasum (DA). In this study, 38 cows with DA (21 left DA (LDA) and 17 right DA (RDA)) and 15 healthy controls were included. All cattle with DA were at the stage of postpartum one to eight weeks, and had clinical signs including anorexia, decreased milk yield and scanty, pasty faeces. Serum ghrelin, motilin and gastrin concentrations, and leptin concentration which is a functional antagonist of ghrelin, were determined by ELISA. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), Na, K, Cl, Ca and P concentrations were measured by spectrophotometer. In serum biochemical analysis, increases were seen on the serum ALT, AST and GGT activities; however, serum Na, K, Cl and P concentrations decreased in abomasal displacement compared with the control animals. The serum ghrelin, motilin and gastrin concentrations increased in the cattle with LDA and RDA, as compared with those in the healthy controls. On the other hand, serum leptin concentration decreased in the cattle with DA compared with the controls. Increases in the serum ghrelin, motilin and gastrin concentrations might be attributed to activation of gastrointestinal motility hormones to enhance of gastric emptying in impaired gastric motility and/or outlet occlusion in displaced abomasum.

Acute-phase proteins, oxidative stress and enzyme activities of blood serum and peritoneal fluid in cattle with abomasal displacement.

BACKGROUND: Blood serum and peritoneal fluid acute-phase proteins, oxidative stress indicators, and some enzymes could be used for evaluation of abomasal tissue damage because of displacement in displaced abomasum (DA) cases. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the concentrations of acute-phase proteins, oxidative stress indicators, and activities of enzymes in blood serum and peritoneal fluid in cattle with right displaced abomasum (RDA) and left displaced abomasum (LDA) and in healthy cows. ANIMALS: A total of 60 Holstein Friesian cows in early lactation were used, 31 with left and 9 with right displaced abomasum without volvulus diagnosis and no other postpartum disease, and 20 healthy cows as a control. MATERIALS AND METHODS: DA diagnosis in dairy cows consisted of physical examination, laboratory, and specific DA tests. Acute-phase proteins, oxidative stress indicators, and enzyme activities were measured in blood serum and peritoneal fluid. RESULTS: In the RDA group, serum haptoglobin (HPG), serum amyloid A (SAA), malondialdehyde (MDA), adenosine deaminase (ADA), myeleperoxidase (MPO), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity increased significantly, and serum HPG, MDA, ADA, and AST concentrations increased significantly in the LDA group (P < .05). Peritoneal fluid HPG, MDA, ADA, MPO, ALP, GGT, and LDH concentrations increased significantly, whereas NO concentrations reduced significantly in the RDA group, and HPG, MDA, ADA, and TP concentrations increased significantly, whereas concentrations of NO reduced significantly in the LDA group (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: There are acute-phase responses, oxidative stress, and abomasal tissue damage because of displacement in DA cases. Especially, HPG, MDA, ADA, and MPO concentrations can provide specific information to help in understanding these changes.

Cutaneous angiomyolipoma: report of two cases with emphasis on HMB-45 utility.

BACKGROUND: Angiomyolipomas are tumors composed of adipose tissue, blood vessels and smooth muscle. Although renal angiomyolipomas are well known, cutaneous tumors have been described only recently. HMB-45 reactivity, reported for renal angiomyolipomas, has been suggested as a useful tool in differential diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: Two cases of cutaneous angiomyolipoma are described and investigated for HMB-45 reactivity. METHODS: Conventional histochemical and immunohistochemical methods were used. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical analysis showed no reactivity for HMB-45 antibody. CONCLUSION: We conclude that, unlike renal angiomyolipomas, HMB-45 reactivity is not helpful in differentiating cutaneous angiomyolipomas.

Sarcomas of the larynx. Report of ten cases.

The clinical and pathologic findings of 10 laryngeal sarcomas (8 fibrosarcomas and 2 rhabdomyosarcomas) are reported. These cases constituted 0.02% of the 4,717 patients with carcinoma histologically verified at Faculty of Medicine in Istanbul from 1934 to 1980. Analysis of laryngeal fibrosarcomas reveals that they are more frequently seen in the fourth and fifth decades, while rhabdomyosarcomas of the larynx are rather tumors of childhood. They are generally less infiltrating than carcinomas and tend to grow as polypoid masses. Metastases are rare but recurrences are frequently seen.