ABSTRACT
In Chile, overnutrition continues to increase, especially affecting children. Solving this public health problem requires the development of promotion and prevention strategies that consider the suggestions of the communities, especially those of the children themselves. OBJECTIVE: To know the opinions and suggestions of third and fourth-grade children from schools in the southern area of Santiago, Chile, regarding their eating practices and physical activity, as part of the FONDEF IT 1810016 project. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Seven School Meetings were held in seven schools using a participatory qualitative methodology, collecting the opinions of 176 children regarding both their food and physical activity habits and preferences. RESULTS: The most consumed and preferred foods are those easy to prepare and highly available, such as bread, pasta, and milk. Foods that require preparation or are less available, such as fish, legumes, fruits, vegetables, and homemade preparations, are less consumed and have less preference. Regarding physical activities, video games and soccer stand out. Students propose increasing the hours of physical education and recesses and improving the availability and access to healthy foods in school environments as a solution strategy. CONCLUSIONS: School Meetings as a participatory strategy contribute to the joint generation of knowledge. The need to include communities as participants in health initiatives recognizes, through their role, children as subjects of rights.
Subject(s)
Diet , Feeding Behavior , Animals , Child , Humans , Schools , Exercise , VegetablesABSTRACT
Introducción: Es conocida la capacidad de los fractales estadísticos en la evaluación de la complejidad de diferentes sistemas cuya dinámica pueda ser evaluada a partir de las frecuencias de una variable; para esto, se utiliza la medida de la dimensión fractal estadística, la cual puede ser calculada con la ley de Zipf-Mandelbrot. Esta ley matemática ha sido aplicada en cardiología para evaluar el grado de complejidad de la dinámica cardíaca. En el presente trabajo se aplicó la ley de Zipf-Mandelbrot junto con la metodología diagnóstica desarrollada previamente para evaluar dinámicas cardíacas normales y con enfermedad aguda. Materiales y métodos: Se tomaron 15 registros Holter; 10 con diagnóstico normal y 5 con patologías agudas de pacientes de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Se organizaron jerárquicamente las frecuencias de aparición de las frecuencias cardíacas de cada dinámica en rangos de a 15 lat/min, en busca del comportamiento hiperbólico necesario para la aplicación de la ley de Zipf-Mandelbrot. Posteriormente se realizó una linealización y se obtuvo la dimensión fractal estadística para cada dinámica. Resultados: Los valores de la dimensión fractal estadística para una dinámica cardíaca aguda variaron entre 0.4925 y 0.6061, mientras que para una dinámica normal variaron entre 0.7134 y 0.9749, evidenciando la diferenciación entre ambos grupos. Conclusiones: El comportamiento fractal estadístico de la dinámica cardíaca fue corroborado, de igual forma la pérdida de complejidad para las dinámicas agudas respecto a las dinámicas normales
Background: The capacity of statistical fractals in the evaluation of the complexity of different systems whose dynamics can be evaluated from the frequencies of a variable is known. This is why the measure of the statistical fractal dimension is used, which can be calculated with the Zipf-Mandelbrot law, this mathematical law has been applied in cardiology evaluating the degree of complexity of cardiac dynamics. In the present work, the Zipf-Mandelbrot law was applied together with the diagnostic methodology previously developed to evaluate normal cardiac dynamics and acute disease. Material and methods: 15 Holter records were taken; 10 with normal diagnosis and 5 with acute pathologies of patients of the Intensive Care Unit. The frequencies of occurrence of the heart frequencies of each dynamics were organized hierarchically in ranges of 15 lat/min, in search of the hyperbolic behavior required for the application of the law of Zipf-Mandelbrot. Subsequently, a linearization was performed and the statistical fractal dimension was obtained for each dynamics. Results: The values of the statistical fractal dimension for acute cardiac dynamics varied between 0.4925 and 0.6061, whereas for normal dynamics they varied between 0.7134 and 0.9749, evidencing the differentiation between both groups. Conclusions: The statistical fractal behavior of the cardiac dynamics was corroborated, as well as the loss of complexity for the acute dynamics with respect to the normal dynamics
Subject(s)
Humans , Electrocardiography, Ambulatory , Fractals , Heart Diseases , Heart Rate , Intensive Care UnitsABSTRACT
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary infectious agent for the development of cervical cancer, although the presence of the virus alone is insufficient for viral development and proliferation; this can be attributed to the increase in potential oncogenic risk, along with other risk factors. In the present investigation, the prevalence of high-risk HPV was determined from samples of premalignant or malignant cervical cytology in women from the southern region of Ecuador. The kit we used was able to detect genotypes 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, and 59. In addition, 64.5% of the analyzed samples were positive for HPV, with genotypes 16 and 18 being the most prevalent (16 was detected in 148 samples and 18 in 108). Genotypes 58 and 51 were the third most frequent simple and multiple infections, respectively. The data are very similar to those obtained worldwide, suggesting that the strategy of sex education, and the use of vaccines as primary prevention agents, could significantly decrease the incidence and mortality rate of cervical cancer in the southern region of Ecuador.
