ABSTRACT
In critically ill patients, standard transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) generally does not facilitate good image quality during mechanical ventilation. We propose a prone-TTE in prone positioned patients, which allows clinicians to obtain a complete apical four-chamber (A-4-C) view. A basic cardiac assessment can be performed in order to evaluate right ventricle function and left ventricle performance, even measuring objective parameters, i.e., tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE); pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PAP), from the tricuspid regurgitation peak Doppler velocity; RV end-diastolic diameter and its ratio to left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; the S' wave peak velocity with tissue Doppler imaging; the ejection fraction (EF); the mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE); diastolic function evaluation by the mitral valve; and annular Doppler velocities. Furthermore, by tilting the probe, we can obtain the apical-five-chamber (A-5-C) view, which facilitates the analysis of blood flow at the level of the output tract of the left ventricle (LVOT) and then the estimation of stroke volume. Useful applications of this technique are hemodynamic assessment, titration of fluids, vasoactive drugs therapy, and evaluation of the impact of prone positioning on right ventricle performance and right pulmonary resistances. We believe that considerable information can be drawn from a single view and hope this may be helpful to emergency and critical care clinicians whenever invasive hemodynamic monitoring tools are not available or are simply inconvenient due to clinical reasons.
ABSTRACT
Abstract: Background: Dermatological diseases are among the primary causes of the demand for basic health care. Studies on the frequency of dermatoses are important for the proper management of health planning. Objectives: To evaluate the nosological and behavioral profiles of dermatological consultations in Brazil. Methods: The Brazilian Society of Dermatology invited all of its members to complete an online form on patients who sought consultations from March 21-26, 2018. The form contained questions about patient demographics, consultation type according to the patient's funding, the municipality of the consultation, diagnosis, treatments and procedures. Diagnostic and therapeutic decisions were compared between subgroups. Results: Data from 9629 visits were recorded. The most frequent causes for consultation were acne (8.0%), photoaging (7.7%), nonmelanoma skin cancer (5.4%), and actinic keratosis (4.7%). The identified diseases had distinct patterns with regard to gender, skin color, geographic region, type of funding for the consultation, and age group. Concerning the medical conducts, photoprotection was indicated in 44% of consultations, surgical diagnostic procedures were performed in 7.3%, surgical therapeutic procedures were conducted in 19.2%, and cosmetic procedures were performed in 7.1%. Study limitations: Nonrandomized survey, with a sample period of one week. Conclusion: This research allowed us to identify the epidemiological profiles of the demands of outpatients for dermatologists in various contexts. The results also highlight the importance of aesthetic demands in privately funded consultations and the significance of diseases such as acne, nonmelanoma skin cancer, leprosy, and psoriasis to public health.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data , Skin Diseases/epidemiology , Skin Diseases/classification , Skin Diseases/diagnosis , Brazil/epidemiology , Sex Distribution , Age DistributionABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Dermatological diseases are among the primary causes of the demand for basic health care. Studies on the frequency of dermatoses are important for the proper management of health planning. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the nosological and behavioral profiles of dermatological consultations in Brazil. METHODS: The Brazilian Society of Dermatology invited all of its members to complete an online form on patients who sought consultations from March 21-26, 2018. The form contained questions about patient demographics, consultation type according to the patient's funding, the municipality of the consultation, diagnosis, treatments and procedures. Diagnostic and therapeutic decisions were compared between subgroups. RESULTS: Data from 9629 visits were recorded. The most frequent causes for consultation were acne (8.0%), photoaging (7.7%), nonmelanoma skin cancer (5.4%), and actinic keratosis (4.7%). The identified diseases had distinct patterns with regard to gender, skin color, geographic region, type of funding for the consultation, and age group. Concerning the medical conducts, photoprotection was indicated in 44% of consultations, surgical diagnostic procedures were performed in 7.3%, surgical therapeutic procedures were conducted in 19.2%, and cosmetic procedures were performed in 7.1%. STUDY LIMITATIONS: Nonrandomized survey, with a sample period of one week. CONCLUSION: This research allowed us to identify the epidemiological profiles of the demands of outpatients for dermatologists in various contexts. The results also highlight the importance of aesthetic demands in privately funded consultations and the significance of diseases such as acne, nonmelanoma skin cancer, leprosy, and psoriasis to public health.
Subject(s)
Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data , Skin Diseases/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Sex Distribution , Skin Diseases/classification , Skin Diseases/diagnosis , Young AdultABSTRACT
Renal involvement is a frequent complication in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)associated vasculitides, adding morbidity and mortality, such as chronic kidney disease and the need for renal replacement therapy. With the aim of reaching a consensus on relevant issues regarding the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with these diseases, the Chilean Societies of Nephrology and Rheumatology formed a working group that, based on a critical review of the available literature and their experience, raised and answered consensually a set of questions relevant to the subject. This document includes aspects related to the clinical diagnosis, the histological characteristics, the therapeutic alternatives to induce and maintain the remission of the disease, relapse surveillance strategies and complementary therapies.
Subject(s)
Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis/complications , Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic/blood , Kidney Diseases/etiology , Kidney Diseases/therapy , Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis/blood , Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis/diagnosis , Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis/therapy , Chile , Humans , Maintenance Chemotherapy , Remission Induction , Societies, MedicalABSTRACT
The medical-dermatological demographics favors health planning and guides expansion of the specialty. We conducted an ecological study of dermatologists members of the Brazilian Society of Dermatology (SBD). We evaluated: gender, age, address; which were compared with population and human development index indicators of municipalities. We evaluated 8384 members, distributed in 527 (9.5%) municipalities throughout Brazil. The female sex represented 78.4% of the members and the median age was 43 (36-54) years. The median density of dermatologists was 0.35 (0.21-0.37) per 10,000 inhabitants. The correlation (Spearman's rho) between density of dermatologists and human development index was 0.39 (p <0.01). The Brazilian dermatologist is characterized as: female, age <50 years and presenting an heterogeneous distribution throught the country.
Subject(s)
Dermatologists/supply & distribution , Population Density , Adult , Age Distribution , Brazil , Cities/statistics & numerical data , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Sex Distribution , Societies, Medical/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Renal involvement is a frequent complication in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)associated vasculitides, adding morbidity and mortality, such as chronic kidney disease and the need for renal replacement therapy. With the aim of reaching a consensus on relevant issues regarding the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with these diseases, the Chilean Societies of Nephrology and Rheumatology formed a working group that, based on a critical review of the available literature and their experience, raised and answered consensually a set of questions relevant to the subject. This document includes aspects related to the clinical diagnosis, the histological characteristics, the therapeutic alternatives to induce and maintain the remission of the disease, relapse surveillance strategies and complementary therapies.
Subject(s)
Humans , Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic/blood , Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis/complications , Kidney Diseases/etiology , Kidney Diseases/therapy , Societies, Medical , Remission Induction , Chile , Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis/diagnosis , Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis/blood , Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis/therapy , Maintenance ChemotherapyABSTRACT
Abstract: The medical-dermatological demographics favors health planning and guides expansion of the specialty. We conducted an ecological study of dermatologists members of the Brazilian Society of Dermatology (SBD). We evaluated: gender, age, address; which were compared with population and human development index indicators of municipalities. We evaluated 8384 members, distributed in 527 (9.5%) municipalities throughout Brazil. The female sex represented 78.4% of the members and the median age was 43 (36-54) years. The median density of dermatologists was 0.35 (0.21-0.37) per 10,000 inhabitants. The correlation (Spearman's rho) between density of dermatologists and human development index was 0.39 (p <0.01). The Brazilian dermatologist is characterized as: female, age <50 years and presenting an heterogeneous distribution throught the country.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Population Density , Dermatologists/supply & distribution , Societies, Medical/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Cities/statistics & numerical data , Sex Distribution , Age DistributionABSTRACT
We have compiled available records in the literature for medusozoan cnidarians and ctenophores of South America. New records of species are also included. Each entry (i.e., identified species or still as yet not determined species referred to as "sp." in the literature) includes a synonymy list for South America, taxonomical remarks, notes on habit, and information on geographical occurrence. We have listed 800 unique determined species, in 958 morphotype entries: 5 cubozoans, 905 hydrozoans, 25 scyphozoans, 3 staurozoans, and 20 ctenophores. Concerning nomenclatural and taxonomical decisions, two authors of this census (Miranda, T.P. & Marques, A.C.) propose Podocoryna quitus as a nomen novum for the junior homonym Hydractinia reticulata (Fraser, 1938a); Euphysa monotentaculata Zamponi, 1983b as a new junior synonym of Euphysa aurata Forbes, 1848; and Plumularia spiralis Milstein, 1976 as a new junior synonym of Plumularia setacea (Linnaeus, 1758). Finally, we also reassign Plumularia oligopyxis Kirchenpauer, 1876 as Kirchenpaueria oligopyxis (Kirchenpauer, 1876) and Sertularella margaritacea Allman, 1885 as Symplectoscyphus margaritaceus (Allman, 1885).
Subject(s)
Ctenophora/classification , Animal Distribution , Animals , Ecosystem , Female , Male , South AmericaABSTRACT
Renal involvement affects over one half of patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus increasing their mortality and morbidity, including chronic renal disease and the need of renal replacement therapies. Aiming to achieve a consensus in the most relevant topics on diagnosis, therapy and follow-up of patients with lupus renal disease, the Chilean Societies of Nephrology and Rheumatology constituted a workgroup that, based on a critical review of the available literature and their experience, raised and answered by consensus a set of relevant questions. This document includes aspects related to the clinical diagnosis, the importance of a suitable histological classification, therapeutic alternatives to induce and maintain disease remission, strategies for follow-up, additional therapies and ginecological-obstetric issues.
Subject(s)
Humans , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/etiology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy , Chile , Consensus , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosisABSTRACT
The genus Nemopsis, a bougainvillid hydrozoan with a dominant medusa phase, currently includes three species (Nemopsis bachei, N. dofleini and N. hexacanalis), all characterized by the presence of a pair of club-shaped tentacles in the median portion of the marginal bulbs. In this paper, we describe a fourth species, based on the medusa collected off Dichato, central Chilean coast.
Subject(s)
Hydrozoa/classification , Animal Distribution , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animal Structures/growth & development , Animals , Body Size , Chile , Ecosystem , Female , Hydrozoa/anatomy & histology , Hydrozoa/growth & development , Male , Organ SizeABSTRACT
Renal involvement affects over one half of patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus increasing their mortality and morbidity, including chronic renal disease and the need of renal replacement therapies. Aiming to achieve a consensus in the most relevant topics on diagnosis, therapy and follow-up of patients with lupus renal disease, the Chilean Societies of Nephrology and Rheumatology constituted a workgroup that, based on a critical review of the available literature and their experience, raised and answered by consensus a set of relevant questions. This document includes aspects related to the clinical diagnosis, the importance of a suitable histological classification, therapeutic alternatives to induce and maintain disease remission, strategies for follow-up, additional therapies and gynecological-obstetric issues.
Subject(s)
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/etiology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy , Chile , Consensus , Humans , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosisABSTRACT
Beroe gracilis Künne, 1939 is a small neritic ctenophore, previously recorded only from cold waters of the northern hemisphere. The present study provides the first record of the species in the southern hemisphere, found in the surface layer of the Humboldt Current System off the central Chilean coast (32°-36.5° S). A complete description of this material is provided.
Subject(s)
Ctenophora/classification , Animal Distribution , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animal Structures/growth & development , Animals , Body Size , Chile , Ctenophora/anatomy & histology , Ctenophora/growth & development , Female , MaleABSTRACT
The reprograming effects of prenatal testosterone (T) treatment on postnatal reproductive parameters have been studied extensively in females of several species but similar studies in males are limited. We recently found that prenatal T treatment increases Sertoli cell number and reduced spermatogenesis in adult rams. If such disruptions are manifested early in life and involve changes in testicular paracrine environment remain to be explored. This study addresses the impact of prenatal T excess on testicular parameters in infant males, including Sertoli cell number and expression of critical genes [FSH receptor (FSHR), androgen receptor (AR), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1), 3 (TGFB3), transforming growth factor beta type 1 receptor, (TGFBR1), and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)] modulating testicular function. At 4 week of age, male lambs born to dams treated with 30 mg of T propionate twice weekly from day 30 to 90, followed by 40 mg of T propionate from day 90 to 120 of pregnancy (T-males), had a higher number of Sertoli cells/testis (P = 0.035) than control males (C-males) born to dams treated with the vehicle. While no differences were observed in the expression of FSHR and TGFB3, testicular TGFBR1 expression was found to be lower in T-males (P = 0.03) compared to C-males. Expression level of AMH, TGFB1, and AR also tended to be lower in T-males. These findings provide evidence that impact of fetal exposure to T excess is evident early in postnatal life, mainly characterized by an increase in Sertoli cell number. This could explain the testicular dysfunction observed in adult rams.
Subject(s)
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects , Sertoli Cells/drug effects , Testis/drug effects , Testosterone/pharmacology , Animals , Cell Count , Female , Fetal Development/drug effects , Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood , Luteinizing Hormone/blood , Male , Pregnancy , Receptors, Androgen/genetics , Receptors, Androgen/metabolism , Receptors, FSH/genetics , Receptors, FSH/metabolism , Sertoli Cells/cytology , Sertoli Cells/metabolism , Sheep , Spermatogenesis/drug effects , Testis/cytology , Testis/growth & development , Testosterone/blood , Transforming Growth Factor beta3/genetics , Transforming Growth Factor beta3/metabolismABSTRACT
A acne fulminans é um tipo raro e grave de acne vulgar, de etiologia desconhecida, que acomete principalmente jovens do sexo masculino. Inicia-se de modo súbito e está associada a manifestações sistêmicas importantes. Os autores descrevem dois casos clínicos de acne fulminans e fazem uma revisão de seus aspectos clínicos e fisiopatológicos, e do tratamento, com o intuito de obter melhor entendimento do curso clínico e prognóstico dessa doença
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Acne Vulgaris , TherapeuticsABSTRACT
Relate-se o caso da síndrome do homem vermelho em um paciente de 16 anos, após infusão rápida de vancomicina, no décimo dia de antibioticoterapia para endocardite infecciosa. A vancomicina foi descontinuada, e o paciente apresentou clareamento do rash após ser tratado sintomaticamente. Ressalta-se a importância do diagnóstico e do tratamento precoce
