ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: A burn injury is a very painful experience, with subsequent emotional problems, which have been gaining relevance to the extent that survival from burns has improved. Among the alterations of the mental sphere in this population is Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) that has been described in up to one-third of patients with major burns. METHODOLOGY: A nested case-control study was carried out in a cohort of hospitalized patients in a burn referral unit, in patients over 16 years of age. A total of 135 patients, 41 cases, and 94 controls were included. All of them underwent a psychiatric interview, a standardized form was filled out on sociodemographic and clinical information, and the PID-5-BF scale was applied to evaluate associated personality elements. The diagnosis of acute stress was made with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria. RESULTS: The incidence of acute stress was 23.4%. When the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of both the cases and the controls were compared, the risk factors were subsidized insurance, flame burn, burn in a special area, third-degree burn, high pain, stay in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), peritraumatic amnesia and life threat. Patients also had a higher percentage of burned body surface, higher average pulse, longer hospital length of stay, higher average in the negative affect variable and in the psychoticism variable of the PID-5-BF scale. But for the multivariate analysis using logistic regression, the model that best explains the presence of acute stress only includes the variables life threat (Odds Ratio adjusted (ORa): 117.0; Confidence Interval (CI): 10.9-1258.5), severe pain (ORa: 9.9; CI: 1.8-52.8), electrical burn (ORa: 20.8; CI: 17.2-250), burn in a special area (ORa: 8.9; CI: 1, 0-76.8), third-degree burn (ORa: 10.4; CI: 0.7-166.7). CONCLUSION: Acute stress disorder is frequent in the hospitalised burn population, and is more frequent than in other types of trauma. Associated factors with the presentation of Acute Stress Disorder are the feeling of life threat at the time of the burn, having pain classified as strong (Visual Analog Scale (VAS) 5-10), electrical burn, and burns in special areas.
Subject(s)
Burns, Electric , Burns , Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute , Burns/complications , Burns/epidemiology , Burns, Electric/complications , Case-Control Studies , Humans , Length of Stay , Pain/complications , Retrospective Studies , Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Introducción: El delírium es un trastorno neuropsiquiátrico frecuente en el hospital. Es un estado de conciencia anormal que altera la cognición, en especial la orientación y la atención. Se considera una complicación del cuidado hospitalario susceptible de prevención. Objetivos: Determinar la incidencia y el perfil clínico y epidemiológico del delírium en un hospital universitario en Medellín, Colombia. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo prospectivo de corte transversal. Se evaluaron pacientes mayores de 18 años de edad para determinar la presencia de delírium y las variables sociodemográficas y clínicas relacionadas. Resultados: Se evaluaron 421 pacientes, de los cuales 29 cumplieron con los criterios diagnósticos de delírium según la CAM y los criterios diagnósticos del DSM-IV-TR. La proporción de incidencia de delírium fue 6,9%. El 62,1% de los pacientes con delírium eran hombres y la edad promedio fue de 64 años. Los subtipos motores fueron mixto, hiperactivos, hipoactivos, y el 6,9% no tuvo alteración motora. En el 86,2% de los pacientes el delírium fue debido a múltiples etiologías. El promedio de días de hospitalización fue de 37. El delírium fue identificado por los médicos tratantes en el 75,9% de los pacientes. Hubo mejoría en el 59%, y 13,8% de los identificados fallecieron durante la hospitalización. Conclusiones: El delírium es una condición clínica frecuente en el hospital general que se asocia con mayor estancia hospitalaria y mortalidad elevada...
Introduction: Delirium is a frequent and serious acute neuropsychiatric syndrome with core features of inattention and global cognitive dysfunction. Delirium can be considered a hospital care complication which might be prevented. Objectives: To determine the incidence and epidemiological profile of delirium in a teaching hospital in Medellin, Colombia. Method: A transversal section descriptive prospective study was carried out. Patients over 18 years of age were assessed to determine the presence of delirium and related clinical and sociodemographic features. Results: 421 patients were studied of whom 29 met the diagnostic criteria for delirium according to CAM, and the diagnostic criteria of DSM-IV-TR. The delirium incidence proportion was 6.9%. 62.1% of patients with delirium were male and the average age was 64 years. Motor subtypes were mixed, hyperactive, hypoactive, and 6.9% had no motor disturbance. In 86.2% of the patients delirium was due to multiple etiologies. The average days of hospitalization were 37 days. Delirium was identified by treating pysicians in 75.9% of the patients. Of these, 59% improved and 13.8% died during hospitalization. Conclusion: Delirium is a frequent clinical condition in the general hospital associated with an extended stay at the hospital and high mortality...
