ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The main objective of this study was to evaluate gait parameters in people with intellectual disability (ID) and without intellectual disability (WID) in two different walking conditions [single task vs. dual task (DT)]. A secondary aim was to evaluate the dual-task cost (DTC) that the DT causes in each group. METHODS: A total of 119 participants joined in this study: 56 ID (30 men) and 63 WID (30 men). The OptoGait system was used to assess gait. In addition, Witty photocells were added to assess gait under the DT condition. RESULTS: Single support time was lower for participants with ID (P < 0.01), while double support time was higher (P < 0.05). All coefficients of variation for gait parameters were higher in participants with ID. Additionally, changes in gait were observed in both groups during the DT condition compared with the single-task condition. These changes were larger for participants with ID in step length, double support time and gait speed (P < 0.001), resulting in a higher DTC in these variables in the ID group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Both groups reduced gait performance in the DT condition. However, greater gait variability occurred in the ID group. In addition, DTC was higher for the ID group in all variables analysed. Therefore, people with ID show worse gait performance during a DT than people WID.
Subject(s)
Intellectual Disability , Humans , Intellectual Disability/physiopathology , Male , Female , Adult , Psychomotor Performance/physiology , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Gait/physiologyABSTRACT
El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido diseñar y validar un instrumento que permita conocer la capacidad de percepción y prevención del riesgo durante la práctica docente en las clases de Educación Física. Se trata de un cuestionario de observación sobre acciones dicotómicas, incluyendo tres subescalas: comportamientos preactivos, interactivos y postactivos a la acción didáctica, relacionados con seguridad activa y pasiva en la clase de Educación Física. El cuestionario ha sido examinado por un total de 15 expertos de distintos niveles educativos en una primera fase y por diez más en la segunda. El cuestionario quedó ajustado a los tópicos de validez y fiabilidad científica de Lawshe y prueba de concordancia de Kendall, quedando validado con un total de 41 ítems. (AU)
This research aims to design and validate an instrument that allows to know the capacity of perception and prevention of the risk during the educational practice in the classes of Physical Education. It is a questionnaire of observation on dicotomic actions, including three subscales -preactive, interactive and postactive behaviors to the didactic action, related to active and passive security in Physical Education classes. In a first phase, the questionnaire has been examined by a total of 15 experts of different educational levels and by ten more in the second one. The questionnaire meets Lawshe validity and scientific reliability formula and Kendall concordance test and it was validated finally by 41 items. (AU)
