ABSTRACT
A survey has been carried out in south-west of Côte d'Ivoire in order to study chloroquine resistance in treatment of malaria according to 14 days protocol of WHO (World Health Organisation) (1996) for evaluation of antimalarial drugs activity; 63 children, aged from 6 months to 15 years and suffering from noncomplicated malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum, received by oral way 25 mg/kg of chloroquine over three days (10-10-5). During the survey, they were subjected to a clinic and parasitologic (thick and thin blood film) follow up. We obtained, for 51 children (81%), a satisfactory clinical answer, for 8 children (13%) an early therapeutic failure and for the other 4 (6%) a late therapeutic failure. Moreover, we obtained 40% of failure in children of less than 24 months old, 25% between 24 months and 59 months and 7% beyond 6 years old.
Subject(s)
Antimalarials/therapeutic use , Chloroquine/therapeutic use , Malaria, Falciparum/drug therapy , Administration, Oral , Adolescent , Age Factors , Ambulatory Care Facilities , Child , Child, Preschool , Cote d'Ivoire , Drug Resistance , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Infant , Malaria, Falciparum/diagnosis , Malaria, Falciparum/parasitology , Parasitic Sensitivity Tests , Treatment Outcome , Urban Health/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
In Togo, chloroquine (CQ) remains the first-line drug for the treatment of uncomplicated, Plasmodium falciparum malaria. In the absence of recent data on the level of parasite resistance to antimalarial drugs, Togo's National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP) decided to assess the current efficacy of CQ in the treatment of uncomplicated, P. falciparum malaria at three sentinel sites in the north of the country. Between the September and November of 2001, the World Health Organization's standard 14-day protocol was used to investigate 153 malarious children aged 6-59 months old (46 from Sokode, 54 from Niamtougou and 53 from Dapaong). Of the subjects from Sokode, Niamtougou and Dapaong, early treatment failure was observed in 0%, 7% and 12%, late treatment failure in 0%, 11% and 17%, and overall parasitological failure in 0%, 45% [with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 39%-51%] and 62% (CI=54%-70%), respectively. Even within northern Togo, there is clearly considerable geographical variation in the level of resistance to CQ. Before an efficient antimalarial-drug policy can be developed, there is an urgent need to develop and use the national surveillance system further, to collect relevant data on the efficacies of CQ and other antimalarial drugs, such as amodiaquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine.
Subject(s)
Antimalarials/therapeutic use , Chloroquine/therapeutic use , Malaria, Falciparum/drug therapy , Animals , Child, Preschool , Drug Resistance , Female , Humans , Infant , Malaria, Falciparum/epidemiology , Male , Parasitemia/drug therapy , Parasitemia/epidemiology , Sentinel Surveillance , Time Factors , Togo/epidemiology , Treatment FailureABSTRACT
An epidemiologic survey has been done in November 1987 on 220 children aged from one to four in the Ancien-Fresco island (Côte-d'Ivoire). The results show that 84.5% of the children whose excreta have been examined have parasites. The Ascaridiasis is the helminthiasis the most frequent.
