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1.
J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs ; 49(4): 373-378, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35809014

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Chronic wounds are susceptible to colonization with gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria that may be resistant to antimicrobial dressings and systemic antibiotics. In January 2004, the US Food and Drugs Administration approved use of medicinal larvae for use in humans and animals for resistant organisms. Despite use in adults, there is a paucity of evidence evaluating its efficacy and safety in the pediatric population. CASE: T was a 5-year-old boy with several chronic wounds infected with multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The wounds were originally treated with chemical debridement, dressings containing ionic silver, negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT), and antibiotics without success. Consequently, a multidisciplinary team implemented maggot debridement therapy (MDT). CONCLUSIONS: After MDT, one wound completely epithelialized and the other wounds achieved a reduction in size with 70% epithelization. Therapy also led to a reduction in wound odor, exudate, and pain. The other wounds were closed after additional management with dressing containing nanocrystalline silver and NPWT.


Subject(s)
Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy , Wound Infection , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Child , Gram-Negative Bacteria , Gram-Positive Bacteria , Humans , Larva , Silver , Wound Infection/microbiology , Wound Infection/therapy
2.
Gerokomos (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 31(3): 180-192, sept. 2020. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-197354

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Describir la incidencia de lesiones por presión (LPP) en pacientes pediátricos atendidos en unidades de críticos, así como diferentes variables relacionadas con la metodología de su cálculo. INTRODUCCIÓN: Las LPP constituyen un serio problema de salud con importantes repercusiones en los pacientes que las sufren. Las UCI pediátricas (UCIP) y neonatales (UCIN) atienden a pacientes en alto riesgo para el desarrollo de LPP. Existen pocos datos sistematizados acerca de la incidencia y variables definitorias de LPP en UCIP y UCIN. MÉTODOS: Revisión sistemática de la literatura científica publicada entre el 1 de enero de 2000 y el 31 de diciembre de 2016, que incluía artículos que reportaban datos sobre incidencia en UCIP o UCIN. Se han incluido trabajos que notifican datos sobre LPP relacionadas con el apoyo, con o sin lesiones relacionadas con dispositivos sanitarios; se han excluido los artículos que incluían exclusivamente datos de lesiones relacionadas con dispositivos sanitarios. RESULTADOS: La revisión sistemática ha permitido identificar 27 artículos con un total de 53 reportes de incidencia con información sobre 15 587 pacientes. En el caso de las UCIP, la mediana de la incidencia de lesiones por presión es del 19,4% en los trabajos prospectivos que no incluyen de manera implícita lesiones por presión relacionadas con dispositivos sanitarios y del 16,97% en los que incluyen a la vez lesiones relacionadas con dispositivos sanitarios y lesiones por presión por apoyo de los pacientes. En el caso de las UCIN encontramos unos valores del 3,9% y del 23,58%. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados del presente trabajo permiten definir el alcance de la incidencia de las LPP en pacientes críticos pediátricos y resaltan aspectos relacionados con la metodología utilizada para su cálculo


AIMS: To describe the incidence and main characteristics of pressure injuries in pediatric patients in intensive care units and some variables related to the methodology for pressure injury incidence calculation. BACKGROUND: Pressure injuries (PI) represent a serious health problem with major consequences for the patients affected. Neonatal and pediatric ICU (NICU) (PICU) care for patients at high risk of developing pressure injuries. There is a paucity of systematic data on the incidence and defining variables of injuries in PICU and NICU. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of the literature published between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2016, including articles reporting data on the incidence of these injuries in PICU or NICU. We included studies reporting data on pressure injuries related to position, with or without injuries related to medical devices; we excluded studies which only reported data on pressure injuries related to medical devices. FINDINGS: We identified 27 articles with a total of 53 reports on incidence and information on 15,587 patients. In the case of PICU, the mean incidence of PI was 19.4% in prospective studies that did not implicitly include PI related to medical devices, and 16.97% in those which included pressure injuries related both to medical devices and position. For NICU, we found values of 3.9% and 23.58% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study shed light on the incidence of pressure injuries in pediatric intensive care patients and highlight aspects related to the methodology used for the calculation of PI incidence


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Pressure Ulcer/epidemiology , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric/statistics & numerical data , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal/statistics & numerical data , Critical Care , Risk Factors , Child Health , Child Health Services/organization & administration
3.
J Wound Care ; 28(4): 198-203, 2019 Apr 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30975056

ABSTRACT

Purpura fulminans is a severe and rapidly progressive septic process characterised by the development of haemorrhagic and ecchymotic lesions and skin necrosis. It can appear on any part of the body but predominantly affects the limbs. Purpura fulminans is a rare but possible complication in paediatric patients, especially neonates. It can increase their risk of morbidity and mortality if not treated early and cause a severe long-term condition in survivors of the infectious episode, including amputation. For professionals involved in wound healing, purpura fulminans poses a major challenge. This report describes the case of a premature neonate with extensive purpura fulminans of the legs and arms. Topical treatment of the limbs and purpuric areas with hyperoxygenated fatty acids (HOFAs) every two hours produced an improvement in the lesions. Complete healing was achieved using moist wound healing products. Early topical application of HOFAs appears to be a safe treatment that improves tissue microcirculation in paediatric patients with Purpura fulminans, minimising sepsis-related skin damage.


Subject(s)
Purpura Fulminans/diagnosis , Sepsis , Debridement , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Infusions, Intravenous , Milrinone/administration & dosage , Milrinone/therapeutic use , Purpura Fulminans/pathology , Purpura Fulminans/therapy , Vasodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Vasodilator Agents/therapeutic use , Wound Healing
4.
Rev. Rol enferm ; 41(11/12): 746-755, nov.-dic. 2018. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-179766

ABSTRACT

En comparación con los adultos, la piel de los pacientes pediátricos presenta importantes diferencias que les hacen susceptibles de padecer determinadas lesiones con mayor facilidad, especialmente los neonatos. Entre ellas destacan las úlceras por presión (UPP), las dermatitis asociadas a incontinencia (DAI) y las lesiones por extravasación periférica. En todas ellas el papel de la enfermera es vital. El presente artículo describe y aporta pautas de actuación basadas en las últimas evidencias científicas para el diagnóstico precoz, la prevención y el tratamiento de estas lesiones que sirvan de ayuda a las enfermeras que atienden población pediátrica que presenta o tiene riesgo de presentar estas lesiones


Comparing to adults, children's skin has important differences that make them liable to suffer some skin lesions easily, specially neonates. Among these lesions stand out pressure ulcers, incontinence associated dermatitis and extravasation injuries. In all of them Nursing rol is vital. This article describes and provide standards of practice based in last scientific evidences for early diagnosis, prevention and treatment that are useful to nurses who cares pediatric patients with or at risk of these lesions


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Diaper Rash/nursing , Pressure Ulcer/nursing , Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials/complications , Diaper Rash/epidemiology , Pressure Ulcer/epidemiology , Urinary Incontinence/complications , Incontinence Pads/adverse effects , Wound Healing , Wounds and Injuries/nursing , Wound Closure Techniques/nursing
5.
Gerokomos (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 29(2): 83-91, jun. 2018. tabs, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-175038

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las lesiones por presión (LPP) y las dermatitis asociadas a la incontinencia (DAI) constituyen dos importantes problemas de salud reales y potenciales para los pacientes pediátricos ingresados en hospitales de agudos, con consecuencias a diferentes niveles y con escasa información epidemiológica. Pacientes, material y método: Se realizó un estudio transversal para determinar la prevalencia de LPP, incontinencia, DAI y factores de riesgo para LPP en un hospital universitario materno-infantil de tercer nivel. Resultados: Se estimó una prevalencia de LPP del 8% en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátrica (UCIP), del 0% en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatal (UCIN), del 1,12% en las unidades de hospitalización pediátricas y del 0% en las unidades de hospitalización de adultos. La prevalencia de incontinencia fue del 96%, 100%, 56,7% y del 0%, respectivamente, y la de DAI fue del 8,3%, 0%, 6,25% y 0%, respectivamente, en los pacientes incontinentes. Todas las LPP identificadas en el estudio fueron incidentes, con un 60% de categoría I, un 20% de categoría II y un 20% de categoría IV


Introduction: Pressure injury (PI) and incontinence associated to dermatitis injuries (IAD) are assumed to be two of the most important real and potential health problems among pediatric patients admitted in acute care hospitals, with different consequences, and still with a limited epidemiological information. Patients, material and methods: a transversal study with the aim to determine the prevalence of PI, incontinence and IAD, as well as associated factors, was conducted in a third level maternity-pediatric hospital. Results: A prevalence of 8% in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) was estimated, that was to 0% in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU), 1.12% in pediatric hospitalization units, and 0% in adult hospitalization units. The incontinence prevalence was 96%, 100%, 56.7% and 0% respectively, and the data related to prevalence of incontinence associated to dermatitis was to 8.3%, 0%, 6.25% and 0%. All the pressure injuries identified in this research was incident, the 60% was classified as I category, a 20% as category II and a 20% as category IV


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Pressure Ulcer/epidemiology , Urinary Incontinence/epidemiology , Skin Ulcer/epidemiology , Urination Disorders/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Maternal-Child Health Centers , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Prevalence , Dermatitis, Contact , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric
6.
Gerokomos (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 28(2): 83-87, jun. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-165743

ABSTRACT

Las lesiones por presión son un importante problema de salud con una gran repercusión epidemiológica y un gran impacto a nivel de salud y calidad de vida que genera importantes costes para las personas, instituciones y sistemas de salud. A pesar de la importancia económica del problema de las lesiones por presión, prácticamente no existe información sistematizada acerca de las diferentes dimensiones de su coste. Para cubrir esta falta de información se planteó la realización de una revisión integrativa acerca de la dimensión económica del problema de las lesiones por presión. Se han identificado y analizado 89 documentos con información económica acerca del problema de las lesiones por presión. La información se ha sistematizado basándose en los siguientes apartados: tiempo necesario para la cicatrización, impacto en las estancias hospitalarias, costes relacionados con la seguridad de los pacientes, impacto en los grupos relacionados de diagnóstico, coste total, coste por episodio, por tipo de tratamiento, de las complicaciones, de las demandas legales, de los años de vida ganados ajustados a calidad de vida, en pacientes lesionados medulares y con otras condiciones, y los costes de medidas preventivas


Pressure Lesions are an important health problem with a great epidemiological impact that affects the health status and quality of life producing important expenses for persons, healthcare institutions and health systems. There is not available systematized information about the different cost components of pressure lesions although the important economic dimension of such problem. In order to cover this lack of systematized information we performed an integrative review about the economic dimension of pressure lesions. We have identified and analyzed 89 documents with economic information about pressure lesions problem. Information has been systematized according with the next categories: time for healing, cost of additional hospital stays, costs related with safety of patients, DRG costs, total cost of treatment, episode’s cost, by type of treatment, related with complications, QALYs, costs in spinal cord patients and in patients with other conditions and global prevention costs


Subject(s)
Humans , Pressure Ulcer/epidemiology , Health Care Costs/statistics & numerical data , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors , Wound Healing , Patient Safety/economics , Quality-Adjusted Life Years , Health Evaluation/methods
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