ABSTRACT
Introducción. Las conductas suicidas y autoagresivas de los adolescentes suponen un importante problema de salud pública. Sin embargo, se desconoce en nuestro medio la prevalencia y funciones de la ideación así como de las conductas suicidas y autoagresivas en la población adolescente atendida en salud mental. Métodos. Un total de 267 adolescentes de entre 11 y 18 años fueron reclutados de las consultas ambulatorias del Servicio de Psiquiatría de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz del 1 de noviembre de 2011 al 31 de octubre de 2012. Se administró a todos los pacientes la Escala de Pensamientos y Conductas Autolesivas que evalúa la presencia, frecuencia y características de la ideación suicida, la planificación suicida, los gestos de suicidio, los intentos de suicidio y las autolesiones sin intención suicida. Resultados. Un 20,6% de los adolescentes afirmaron haber tenido ideación suicida; un 2,2% planes suicidas; un 9,4% gestos suicidas; un 4,5% intentos de suicidio y un 21,7% autolesiones al menos una vez a lo largo de su vida. El 47,6% de los adolescentes refirieron haber tenido a lo largo de su vida al menos una de las conductas estudiadas y el 47,2% de ellos señalaron 2 ó más de estas conductas. Con relación a la función atribuida a las conductas examinadas, la mayor parte se realizaron con la intención de regular emociones, a excepción de los gestos suicidas (que mostró una función relacionada con el contexto social). Conclusiones. Dadas las elevadas cifras en población clínica de prevalencia y comorbilidad, unido al conocido riesgo de transición de unas conductas autoagresivas a otras, se recomienda la evaluación sistemática y rutinaria de dichas conductas en los adolescentes atendidos en salud mental (AU)
Introduction. Suicidal and self-injurious behaviors in adolescents are a major public health concern. However, the prevalence of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors in Spanish outpatient adolescents is unknown. Methods. A total of 267 adolescents between 11 and 18 year old were recruited from the Child and Adolescent Outpatient Psychiatric Services, Jiménez Díaz Foundation (Madrid, Spain) from November 1st 2011 to October 31st 2012. All participants were administered the Spanish version of the Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Inventory, which is a structured interview that assesses the presence, frequency, and characteristics of suicidal ideation, suicide plans, suicide gestures, suicide attempts, and non-suicidal self-injury. Results. One-fifth (20.6%) of adolescents reported having had suicidal ideation at least once during their lifetime. Similarly, 2.2% reported suicide plans, 9.4% reported suicide gesture, 4.5% attempted suicide, and 21.7% reported non-suicidal self-injury, at least once during their lifetime. Of the whole sample, 47.6% of adolescents reported at least one of the studied thoughts or behaviors in their lifetime. Among them, 47.2% reported 2 or more of these thoughts or behaviors. Regarding the reported function of each type of thoughts and behaviors examined, most were performed for emotional regulation purposes, except in the case of suicide gestures (performed for the purposes of social reinforcement). Conclusions. he high prevalence and high comorbidity of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors, together with the known risk of transition among them, underline the need of a systematic and routine assessment of these thoughts and behaviors in adolescents assessed in mental health departments (AU)
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Aggression/psychology , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Suicide/prevention & control , Suicide/psychology , Suicide, Attempted/prevention & control , Suicide, Attempted/psychology , Psychological Tests/standards , Adolescent Psychiatry/methods , Adolescent Psychiatry/organization & administration , Adolescent Psychiatry/standards , Psychology, Adolescent/organization & administration , Psychology, Adolescent/standardsABSTRACT
Los servicios de urgencias de nuestro país reciben diariamente una gran cantidad de pacientes que han realizado un intento de suicidio o refieren ideación suicida. Desafortunadamente, estos pacientes son a menudo reticentes a mantener un seguimiento en salud mental. En este estudio describimos un programa pionero para favorecer la evaluación y el tratamiento de los pacientes suicidas y en particular de aquellos que son atendidos por los servicios de emergencia fuera de sus domicilios. Resumiremos la aplicación del programa y compararemos los resultados de un seguimiento específico entre los pacientes suicidas atendidos por los equipos de emergencia en lugares públicos frente al resto de pacientes con riesgo suicida evaluados en el servicio de urgencias de un hospital terciario
Every day, the emergency departments in our country receive a large number of patients that have thought about or attempted suicide. Unfortunately, these patients are very often reluctant to maintain a regular follow-up in mental health services. In this study we describe an original program to encourage assessment and treatment of suicidal patients, particularly when they receive medical treatment in public places. We summarize the application of the program and compare the results of a specific follow-up between two groups of patients: suicidal patients assessed by emergency services in public places and all other suicidal patients assessed in the emergency department of a tertiary hospital
Subject(s)
Humans , Suicide/psychology , Suicide, Attempted/psychology , Suicidal Ideation , Emergency Treatment/methods , Emergency Medical Services/methods , Secondary Prevention/methods , Evaluation of Results of Preventive ActionsABSTRACT
Every day, the emergency departments in our country receive a large number of patients that have thought about or attempted suicide. Unfortunately, these patients are very often reluctant to maintain a regular follow-up in mental health services. In this study we describe an original program to encourage assessment and treatment of suicidal patients, particularly when they receive medical treatment in public places. We summarize the application of the program and compare the results of a specific follow-up between two groups of patients: suicidal patients assessed by emergency services in public places and all other suicidal patients assessed in the emergency department of a tertiary hospital.
Subject(s)
Suicide, Attempted/prevention & control , Adult , Emergency Medical Services , Female , Humans , Male , Public Facilities , SpainABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Suicidal and self-injurious behaviors in adolescents are a major public health concern. However, the prevalence of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors in Spanish outpatient adolescents is unknown. METHODS: A total of 267 adolescents between 11 and 18 year old were recruited from the Child and Adolescent Outpatient Psychiatric Services, Jiménez Díaz Foundation (Madrid, Spain) from November 1st 2011 to October 31st 2012. All participants were administered the Spanish version of the Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Inventory, which is a structured interview that assesses the presence, frequency, and characteristics of suicidal ideation, suicide plans, suicide gestures, suicide attempts, and non-suicidal self-injury. RESULTS: One-fifth (20.6%) of adolescents reported having had suicidal ideation at least once during their lifetime. Similarly, 2.2% reported suicide plans, 9.4% reported suicide gesture, 4.5% attempted suicide, and 21.7% reported non-suicidal self-injury, at least once during their lifetime. Of the whole sample, 47.6% of adolescents reported at least one of the studied thoughts or behaviors in their lifetime. Among them, 47.2% reported 2 or more of these thoughts or behaviors. Regarding the reported function of each type of thoughts and behaviors examined, most were performed for emotional regulation purposes, except in the case of suicide gestures (performed for the purposes of social reinforcement). CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence and high comorbidity of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors, together with the known risk of transition among them, underline the need of a systematic and routine assessment of these thoughts and behaviors in adolescents assessed in mental health departments.
Subject(s)
Self-Injurious Behavior/epidemiology , Suicidal Ideation , Adolescent , Ambulatory Care , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Prevalence , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Retrospective Studies , Self-Injurious Behavior/diagnosis , Spain/epidemiologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The clinical presentation of children and adolescents referred to mental health services is frequently complicated by comorbid and severe affective and behavioral dysregulation. This dysregulation phenotype seems to be an indicator of overall psychopathology, symptom severity and functional impairment. Currently, this phenotype is assessed by the Child Behavior Checklist. However, the widely used Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) has been recently validated to screen the Dysregulation Profile (SDQ-DP) in clinical settings. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and demographic, psychosocial and clinical correlates of the SDQ-DP phenotype in a Spanish clinical sample. SAMPLING AND METHODS: In a clinical sample of 623 consecutively referred children and adolescents (4-17 years old), we compared clinical and sociodemographic correlates between subjects who met the SDQ-DP criteria (DP) and those who did not (NO_DP). Sociodemographic data, parent-rated SDQ, Children's Global Assessment Scale, Clinical Global Impression, family Apgar scale and clinical diagnoses were collected by experienced child and adolescent psychiatrists. RESULTS: Overall in our sample, 175 subjects (28.1%) met the SDQ-DP criteria (DP group). Compared with the NO_DP group, the DP subjects had significantly higher scores on internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, problems with peers and overall problems as well as significantly lower scores on prosocial behavior. Clinical diagnoses assigned revealed that DP subjects showed significantly greater psychiatric comorbidity. DP subjects also showed significantly worse family functioning and increased symptom severity and significantly lower scores on psychosocial functioning. CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of children and adolescents with the dysregulated profile, assessed by the SDQ-DP, was found in our clinical setting. The SDQ-DP may serve as an index of overall psychological severity and functional impairment. In addition, it may indicate family dysfunction. Further research is needed to validate the clinical value of SDQ-DP by examining longitudinal stability, heritability, adult outcome, risk factors and diagnostic correlates.
