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1.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 12(4): 423-430, dic. 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-975768

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: El trauma maxilofacial por arma de fuego representa un desafío terapéutico principalmente debido a la gran conminución de tejidos que genera. Específicamente, en casos de fracturas mandibulares conminutadas, las modalidades de tratamientos incluye la reducción cerrada, fijación con tutor externo, fijación interna con alambres y reducción abierta y fijación interna utilizando placas y tornillos. El objetivo del presente trabajo es describir un tratamiento inicial con un método de fijación para fracturas mandibulares conminutadas como dispositivo alternativo al tutor externo clásicamente utilizado. Se desarrolla una revisión de la literatura actual acerca del tratamiento inicial o de urgencia de fracturas mandibulares conminutadas por impacto de proyectil balístico, haciendo énfasis en las indicaciones de cada modalidad de tratamiento y sus respectivas ventajas y desventajas. Luego se describe detalladamente el proceso de confección de un método de fijación alternativo junto con la exposición de casos clínicos donde fue utilizado como alternativa de tratamiento. La reducción y fijación obtenida por el dispositivo presentado logra resultados satisfactorios, sin encontrarse diferencias significativas a los elementos de fijación clásicos. Tanto el uso de placas de reconstrucción como el de tutor externo constituyen alternativas válidas para el tratamiento de fracturas mandibulares conminutadas. El dispositivo descrito y utilizado en los pacientes es una alternativa eficiente, de fácil confección y bajo costo económico demostrando buenos resultados en relación a la consolidación de fracturas conminutadas. Se debe conocer las indicaciones para la aplicación de cada modalidad de tratamiento.


ABSTRACT: Ballistic maxillofacial trauma represents a challenge for surgeons because of the important comminution process it presents. Specifically, in cases of mandibular comminuted fractures, the different treatment modalities include closed reduction, external fixation and internal fixation. The purpose of this case series is to describe an initial treatment modality, with a fixation method for comminuted mandibular fractures as an alternative for the classic external fixator. We conducted a literature review about the initial treatment for ballistic comminuted mandibular fractures, emphasizing indications of each treatment modality and their respective advantages and disadvantages. Next, we described the preparation process of an alternative fixation method along with a case series, where it was used as a therapeutical alternative. The reduction as well the fixation achieved by the external fixator, showed satisfactory results without significant differences noted with traditional fixation methods. Both, reconstruction plates and external fixators, are valid alternatives for treating comminuted mandibular fractures. The method described and used in these patients is and efficient alternative, easy to make and at a low cost, with good results in relation to fracture consolidation. We propose that every treatment modality and its indications should be evaluated in order to treat each case adequately.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Wounds, Gunshot , Fractures, Comminuted/surgery , Fracture Fixation/methods , Mandibular Fractures/surgery , Wounds, Penetrating , Bone Plates , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , External Fixators , Fractures, Comminuted/etiology , Mandibular Reconstruction/methods , Fracture Fixation/instrumentation , Mandible/surgery , Mandibular Fractures/etiology , Mandibular Fractures/diagnostic imaging
2.
Rev. esp. cir. oral maxilofac ; 38(2): 85-90, abr.-jun. 2016.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-152485

ABSTRACT

La pseudogota tofacea es una enfermedad articular que generalmente aparece en rodillas, caracterizada por el depósito de cristales de pirofosfato de calcio en el cartílago articular o fibrocartílago. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 62 años con aumento de volumen a nivel de articulación temporomandibular derecha, de 2 años de evolución. En la tomografía axial computarizada se observó una gran masa de radioopacidad mixta que rodea la cabeza del cóndilo. Se realizó la exéresis total de la lesión. Con el estudio histopatológico y antecedentes clínicos se obtiene el diagnóstico de pseudogota tofacea. La paciente se encuentra 2 años después de la cirugía en buenas condiciones y sin signos de recidiva. La baja incidencia de esta enfermedad y su rara localización en la articulación temporomandibular pueden hacer difícil el diagnóstico, por lo que estudios específicos se requieren para dar un diagnóstico acertado (AU)


Tophaceous pseudogout is a joint disease in which there is deposition of crystals of calcium pyrophosphate in articular cartilage or fibrocartilage, and usually occurs in the knees. The case is presented of a 62-year-old woman with increase in volume in the right temporomandibular joint of 2 years onset. A large mass of mixed radio-opacity surrounding the head of the condyle was observed on the computerized axial tomography. Total excision of the lesion was performed. The diagnosis of tophaceous pseudogout was obtained, by means of the histopathological examination and medical history. Two years after surgery, the patient is in good condition without signs of recurrence. The low incidence of this disease and its rare location in the temporomandibular joint can it difficult to diagnosis, thus specific studies are required to make an accurate diagnosis (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Chondrocalcinosis/surgery , Chondrocalcinosis , Temporomandibular Joint/pathology , Temporomandibular Joint/surgery , Temporomandibular Joint , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/complications , Calcium Pyrophosphate/therapeutic use , Acetaminophen/therapeutic use , Chronic Pain/drug therapy , Tomography, Emission-Computed/instrumentation , Tomography, Emission-Computed/methods , Tomography, Emission-Computed
3.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 9(1): 37-41, Apr. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-747475

ABSTRACT

Pocos estudios epidemiológicos en cirugía maxilofacial describen en forma detallada las características de los pacientes y los tipos de intervención realizadas. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la epidemiología de las intervenciones quirúrgicas maxilofaciales realizadas bajo anestesia general en el Hospital Clínico San José. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo con 599 pacientes entre los años 2007 y 2013. Se recopiló información de acuerdo a edad, género del paciente y tipo de intervención. Del total de intervenciones realizadas, 335 (56%) correspondieron a trauma maxilofacial y 264 (44%) a cirugías de etiología no traumática. Edad promedio de 38 años. Proporción entre el sexo masculino y femenino de 2,05:1. La fractura más prevalente fue la mandibular con un 49,8%, luego la orbitocigomatica 28,3%, panfacial 13,7%, huesos de órbita 2,98%, Le Fort 2,7%, cigomático 2,1% y nasoorbitoetmoidal con 0,43%. En tanto las cirugías de etiología no traumática, infecciones 12,1%, tumores 12%, dismorfosis cráneofacial 11,8%, exodoncias múltiples en pacientes con desórdenes neurológicos 2,3%, reconstrucciones estéticas 2,1%, patologías de articulación temporomandibular 1,6%, distintas lesiones orales 1,1%, displasias 0,3% y retiro de osteosíntesis 0,3%. La reducción y fijación con osteosíntesis de fracturas faciales fueron los procedimientos más realizados por la unidad. El conocimiento de estos datos permite saber en qué áreas enfocar el presupuesto del departamento, y en que se requiere mayor especialización. Además de mostrar la necesidad de mayor número de horas de pabellón requeridos.


Few epidemiological studies in maxillofacial surgery describe in detail the characteristics of patients and types of intervention undertaken. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiology of maxillofacial surgical procedures performed under general anesthesia at the Clinical Hospital San José. A retrospective study, which included 599 patients, was carried out between 2007 and 2013, according to information obtained on age, patient sex and type of intervention. Of the total procedures performed, 335 (56%) were maxillofacial trauma and 264 (44%) were non-traumatic surgeries. Average age was 38 years old. Ratio between male and female was 2.05:1. The most prevalent was mandibular fracture with 49.8%, subsequently orbito zigomatic fractures with 28.3%, panfacial with 13.7%, orbital bones 2.98%, Le Fort 2.7%, and zygomatic bone 2.1% and naso orbitoetmoidal with 0.43%. In both non traumatic surgeries the following was reported, infections 12.1%, tumors, 12%, craniofacial dysmorphosis 11.8%, multiple extractions in patients with neurological disorders 2.3%, aesthetic reconstructions 2.1%, temporomandibular joint disorders 1.6%, various oral lesions 1.1%, dysplasias 0.3% and osteosynthesis withdrawal 0.3%. Most frequent procedures performed were reduction and osteosynthesis fixation of facial fractures. Knowledge of these data provides information as to which areas to focus the department's budget on, areas in which greater specialization is required, and reinforcing the need for requirement of additional hours in the operating room.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Surgery, Oral/methods , Oral Surgical Procedures , Surgery, Computer-Assisted , Hospitals, Public/statistics & numerical data , Chile/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Age and Sex Distribution , Maxilla/surgery
4.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg ; 73(1): 152-7, 2015 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25315313

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Post-traumatic oromandibular dystonia (PTOD) is a disorder whose symptoms can include bruxism, muscle pain, and involuntary muscle contraction, among others. The use of onabotulinumtoxinA (ObT-A) is helpful in controlling the symptoms of patients with PTOD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of ObT-A in the treatment of PTOD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective case-series study, the population consisted exclusively of patients diagnosed with PTOD, without distinction by age or gender, from January 2007 to December 2010. The patients were diagnosed with PTOD and treated with ObT-A infiltration (primary predictor) at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery at the Hospital Clínico Mutual de Seguridad (Santiago, Chile). The primary outcome variables were bruxism, muscle pain, and involuntary muscle contraction. The data were obtained through questionnaires registered in tables at each control. Systat 13.1 was used for statistical analysis. The statistical test used to compare patients' evolution over time was the test of signs. RESULTS: Thirty male patients 18 to 65 years old diagnosed with PTOD were treated with ObT-A infiltrations. The signs and symptoms associated with oromandibular dystonia (bruxism, muscle pain, and involuntary muscle contraction) were decreased in all patients after ObT-A infiltrations. CONCLUSIONS: The positive results and the absence of complications recommend the use of the infiltration protocol presented in this study for the treatment of PTOD.


Subject(s)
Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/therapeutic use , Brain Injuries/complications , Dystonia/drug therapy , Masticatory Muscles/drug effects , Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/administration & dosage , Bruxism/drug therapy , Dystonia/etiology , Facial Pain/drug therapy , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Injections, Intramuscular , Male , Masseter Muscle/drug effects , Middle Aged , Muscle Contraction/drug effects , Prospective Studies , Spasm/drug therapy , Temporal Muscle/drug effects , Time Factors , Young Adult
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