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1.
Rev Chil Pediatr ; 85(1): 98-105, 2014 Feb.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25079191

ABSTRACT

Congenital hypothyroidism is a condition where a newborn has decreased or absent thyroid function and thyroid hormone production. It is the most common cause of preventable mental retardation and its early diagnosis can only be achieved through systematic neonatal screening because its clinical manifestations are usually late. The etiologic study of this condition relies heavily on nuclear medicine and ultrasound, describing various findings. This research analyzed the characteristics of the ultrasound patterns observed in these children and their correlation with the most common etiologies. The use of ultrasound allows selecting children that require scintigraphic studies, decreasing the use of radiation in neonates.


Subject(s)
Congenital Hypothyroidism/diagnosis , Neonatal Screening/methods , Radionuclide Imaging/methods , Congenital Hypothyroidism/diagnostic imaging , Congenital Hypothyroidism/physiopathology , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Thyroid Gland/diagnostic imaging , Thyroid Gland/physiopathology , Ultrasonography
2.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 85(1): 98-105, feb. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-708822

ABSTRACT

Congenital hypothyroidism is a condition where a newborn has decreased or absent thyroid function and thyroid hormone production. It is the most common cause of preventable mental retardation and its early diagnosis can only be achieved through systematic neonatal screening because its clinical manifestations are usually late. The etiologic study of this condition relies heavily on nuclear medicine and ultrasound, describing various findings. This research analyzed the characteristics of the ultrasound patterns observed in these children and their correlation with the most common etiologies. The use of ultrasound allows selecting children that require scintigraphic studies, decreasing the use of radiation in neonates.


El hipotiroidismo congénito se define como la condición de déficit de la producción de hormonas tiroideas, que se encuentra presente desde el nacimiento. Corresponde a la causa más común de retardo mental prevenible y su diagnóstico precoz sólo se logra a través de la pesquisa sistemática neonatal, debido a que las manifestaciones clínicas son habitualmente tardías. El estudio etiológico específico se apoya fundamentalmente en la medicina nuclear y el ultrasonido, describiéndose hallazgos variados. Revisamos las características de los patrones ultrasonográficos observados en estos niños y su correlación con las etiologías más frecuentes. El uso de ultrasonografía permite seleccionar los niños que requieren estudio cintigráfico, disminuyendo el uso de radiación en neonatos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Thyroid Gland/pathology , Thyroid Gland , Congenital Hypothyroidism , Early Diagnosis , Congenital Hypothyroidism/classification , Mass Screening
3.
Rev. chil. radiol ; 18(2): 85-87, 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-647006

ABSTRACT

The deep sulcus sign is seen on anterioposterior (AP) chest radiographs obtained with the patient in the supine position, both in adults and children. It is an indication of a pneumothorax, since air collects within the nondependent portions of the pleural space abnormally deepening the costophrenic angle, which extends toward the hypochondrium. Among other findings, this useful sign should be actively searched for when a pneumothorax is suspected in a supine patient.


El signo del surco profundo se visualiza en radiografías (Rx) de tórax anteroposteriores tomadas en posición supina, tanto en niños como en adultos. Traduce la presencia de aire en el espacio pleural, que se dispone en la porción no dependiente y distiende anormalmente el receso costofrénico, proyectándose hacia el hipocondrio ipsilateral. Constituye uno de los signos radiológicos más útiles para el diagnóstico de neumotórax en Rx obtenidas en decúbito, por lo que debe buscarse dirigidamente, en especial en las placas portátiles.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumothorax , Radiography, Thoracic , Diagnosis, Differential , Patient Positioning , Signs and Symptoms , Supine Position
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