ABSTRACT
Superior Cava Venous Syndrome (SVCS) encompasses a constellation of signs and symptoms resulting from partial or complete obstruction of blood flow through the superior vena cava (SVC) to the right atrium. Thrombosis can be caused by intrinsic (primary) or extrinsic compression (with or without secondary thrombosis). The causes of SVCS can be grouped according to their etiology in non-neoplastic and neoplastic. The causes malignant correspond to 65-90% of them, thrombosis and nonmalignant conditions are another causes. The presentation may be acute, clinically characterized by dyspnea and a characteristic triad (facial, neck and arms edema, cyanosis and collateral circulation). Early detection improves prognosis and is based on clinical data and imaging studies. We describe 8 cases where the SVCS was the first manifestation of neoplastic diseases. Patients were predominantly of middle-aged, male, without association with consumption of tobacco and lymphoma was most frequent diagnosis.
Se denomina Síndrome de Vena Cava Superior (SVCS) al conjunto de signos y síntomas derivados de la obstrucción parcial o completa del flujo sanguíneo a través de la vena cava superior (VCS) hacia la aurícula derecha. Puede ser causada por trombosis intrínseca (primaria) o a compresión extrínseca (asociada o no a trombosis secundaria) Las causas de SVCS pueden ser agrupadas según su etiología en no neoplásicas y neoplásicas. Las causas malignas corresponden a un 65-90% del total de las causas, la trombosis y las condiciones no malignas son las causantes del resto de los casos. La forma de presentación puede ser aguda, caracterizándose clínicamente por disnea y la triada característica (edema en esclavina, cianosis facial y presencia de circulación colateral). La detección precoz mejora el pronóstico y se asienta sobre los datos clínicos y estudios por imágenes. Presentamos 8 casos registrados en nuestro hospital, donde el SVCS fue la manifestación inicial de enfermedades neoplásicas. En esta serie hubo predominancia de varones de edad media, sin asociación con consumo de tabaco y el diagnóstico más frecuente fue linfoma.
Subject(s)
Hodgkin Disease/complications , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/complications , Superior Vena Cava Syndrome/etiology , Adolescent , Adult , Early Diagnosis , Female , Hodgkin Disease/diagnosis , Humans , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/diagnosis , Male , Mediastinoscopy , Middle Aged , Superior Vena Cava Syndrome/diagnosis , Young AdultABSTRACT
Superior Cava Venous Syndrome (SVCS) encompasses a constellation of signs and symptoms resulting from partial or complete obstruction of blood flow through the superior vena cava (SVC) to the right atrium. Thrombosis can be caused by intrinsic (primary) or extrinsic compression (with or without secondary thrombosis). The causes of SVCS can be grouped according to their etiology in non-neoplastic and neoplastic. The causes malignant correspond to 65-90
of them, thrombosis and nonmalignant conditions are another causes. The presentation may be acute, clinically characterized by dyspnea and a characteristic triad (facial, neck and arms edema, cyanosis and collateral circulation). Early detection improves prognosis and is based on clinical data and imaging studies. We describe 8 cases where the SVCS was the first manifestation of neoplastic diseases. Patients were predominantly of middle-aged, male, without association with consumption of tobacco and lymphoma was most frequent diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Hodgkin Disease/complications , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/complications , Superior Vena Cava Syndrome/etiology , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Early Diagnosis , Hodgkin Disease/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/diagnosis , Male , Mediastinoscopy , Middle Aged , Superior Vena Cava Syndrome/diagnosisABSTRACT
Superior Cava Venous Syndrome (SVCS) encompasses a constellation of signs and symptoms resulting from partial or complete obstruction of blood flow through the superior vena cava (SVC) to the right atrium. Thrombosis can be caused by intrinsic (primary) or extrinsic compression (with or without secondary thrombosis). The causes of SVCS can be grouped according to their etiology in non-neoplastic and neoplastic. The causes malignant correspond to 65-90
of them, thrombosis and nonmalignant conditions are another causes. The presentation may be acute, clinically characterized by dyspnea and a characteristic triad (facial, neck and arms edema, cyanosis and collateral circulation). Early detection improves prognosis and is based on clinical data and imaging studies. We describe 8 cases where the SVCS was the first manifestation of neoplastic diseases. Patients were predominantly of middle-aged, male, without association with consumption of tobacco and lymphoma was most frequent diagnosis.
