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1.
Actas urol. esp ; 39(9): 535-545, nov. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-145421

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: La enucleación prostática mediante láser de holmio (HoLEP) es una alternativa a la adenomectomía prostática para el tratamiento quirúrgico de la hipertrofia benigna de próstata. Analizamos nuestra curva de aprendizaje de dicha técnica y la comparamos de forma secundaria con las adenomectomías de próstata. Materiales y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo y comparativo donde se incluyeron los 100 primeros casos de HoLEP realizados en nuestro centro y los últimos 50 casos de adenomectomías retropúbicas. Se recogen los datos del paciente, de la intervención, del acto anestésico, de las variables perioperatorias, de las complicaciones anestésicas y de las variables postoperatorias con un seguimiento durante 6 meses. Se analizó la curva de aprendizaje sin mentor del HoLEP y se compararon las características del HoLEP en 2 fases diferenciadas (fase de aprendizaje y fase de estabilización) con las últimas adenomectomías retropúbicas de próstata realizadas. Resultados: La anestesia intradural fue la técnica más frecuente. Las necesidades de transfusión, el tiempo de estancia (p < 0,01) y la morbilidad postoperatoria fueron menores en los HoLEP que en las adenomectomías. Sin embargo, el grupo de las adenomectomías retropúbicas tenía un mayor volumen prostático inicial (p < 0,001) y un menor tiempo quirúrgico (p < 0,001). Se observó un mejor rendimiento quirúrgico (p < 0,001) y una menor incidencia de complicaciones en el Grupo HoLEP-B (superada ya la curva de aprendizaje) frente al grupo HoLEP-A. Conclusión: En nuestro centro el HoLEP se ha introducido como una opción válida frente a las adenomectomías retropúbicas abiertas, con muy buenos resultados en términos de morbilidad y reducción de estancia hospitalaria. Respecto a la curva de aprendizaje consideramos en torno a los 50 pacientes (sin mentor) como un punto de corte adecuado. La anestesia regional es una buena elección como técnica anestésica


Objective: Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) is an alternative to prostatic adenomectomy for the surgical treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy. We analyzed our learning curve for this technique, and we compared it in a secondary manner with prostatic adenomectomy. Materials and methods: A retrospective comparative study was conducted that included the first 100 cases of HoLEP performed in our center and the latest 50 cases of retropubic adenomectomy. We collected data on the patients, the surgery, the anesthesia, the perioperative variables, the anesthesia complications and the postoperative variables, with a 6-month follow-up. We analyzed the learning curve without mentors for HoLEP and compared the characteristics of HoLEP in 2 separate phases (learning and stabilization phases) with the latest retropubic prostatic adenomectomies performed. Results: Intradural anesthesia was the most common technique. The transfusion needs, length of stay (P < .01) and postoperative morbidity were lower for HoLEP than for adenomectomy. However, the retropubic adenomectomy group had larger initial prostate volumes (P < .001) and shorter surgical times (P < .001). Better surgical performance (P < .001) and a lower incidence of complications were observed in the HoLEP-B group (once the learning curve had been overcome) compared with the HoLEP-A group. Conclusion: In our center, HoLEP was introduced as a valid alternative to open retropubic adenomectomy, with excellent results in terms of morbidity and reduced hospital stay. In terms of the learning curve, we consider that approximately 50 patients (without mentor) is an appropriate cutoff. Local anesthesia is a good choice for the anesthesia technique


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Lasers, Solid-State/therapeutic use , Lasers, Solid-State/adverse effects , Anesthesia , Prostatectomy/methods , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Blood Transfusion , Retrospective Studies
2.
Actas Urol Esp ; 39(9): 535-45, 2015 Nov.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26007624

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) is an alternative to prostatic adenomectomy for the surgical treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy. We analyzed our learning curve for this technique, and we compared it in a secondary manner with prostatic adenomectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective comparative study was conducted that included the first 100 cases of HoLEP performed in our center and the latest 50 cases of retropubic adenomectomy. We collected data on the patients, the surgery, the anesthesia, the perioperative variables, the anesthesia complications and the postoperative variables, with a 6-month follow-up. We analyzed the learning curve without mentors for HoLEP and compared the characteristics of HoLEP in 2 separate phases (learning and stabilization phases) with the latest retropubic prostatic adenomectomies performed. RESULTS: Intradural anesthesia was the most common technique. The transfusion needs, length of stay (P<.01) and postoperative morbidity were lower for HoLEP than for adenomectomy. However, the retropubic adenomectomy group had larger initial prostate volumes (P<.001) and shorter surgical times (P<.001). Better surgical performance (P<.001) and a lower incidence of complications were observed in the HoLEP-B group (once the learning curve had been overcome) compared with the HoLEP-A group. CONCLUSION: In our center, HoLEP was introduced as a valid alternative to open retropubic adenomectomy, with excellent results in terms of morbidity and reduced hospital stay. In terms of the learning curve, we consider that approximately 50 patients (without mentor) is an appropriate cutoff. Local anesthesia is a good choice for the anesthesia technique.


Subject(s)
Anesthesia , Lasers, Solid-State/adverse effects , Lasers, Solid-State/therapeutic use , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Prostatectomy/methods , Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery , Aged , Humans , Male , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies
5.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 60(6): 348-351, jun.-jul. 2013.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-113227

ABSTRACT

La microcirugía transoral con láser CO2 se ha convertido en una alternativa cada vez más empleada para el tratamiento del cáncer de laringe y faringe. Entre las ventajas que aporta frente a la cirugía abierta y la radioterapia, se encuentran su menor invasividad, mayor precisión, mejor preservación funcional del órgano y menor morbilidad asociada al procedimiento. No obstante, esta técnica quirúrgica no está exenta de complicaciones, algunas hasta ahora poco frecuentes, pero de gran trascendencia clínica. Presentamos el caso de una paciente que en el contexto de una microcirugía con traqueotomía por cáncer de laringe sufrió un enfisema subcutáneo, neumomediastino y neumotórax bilateral precisando de las medidas pertinentes para su control y estabilización, que se describen. Además, se realiza una revisión actual en la literatura, sobre las consideraciones anestésicas y las principales complicaciones perioperatorias de la microcirugía con láser(AU)


Transoral laser CO2 microsurgery is becoming an increasing used treatment option for cancer of the larynx and the pharynx. Amongst the advantages it has compared to open surgery and radiotherapy are, it less invasiveness, greater precision, better functional preservation of the organ, and less procedure-associated morbidity. However, this surgical technique is not without its complication, some being rare up until now, but with great clinical importance. We present the case of a patient subjected to microsurgery with a tracheotomy due to cancer of the larynx, who suffered a subcutaneous emphysema, and a bilateral and pneumomediastinal pneumothorax, requiring the appropriate measures for its control and stabilisation, which are described. A review was also performed of the current literature as regards anaesthetic considerations and the main peri-operative complications of laser microsurgery(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Pneumomediastinum, Diagnostic/methods , Pneumothorax/complications , Pneumothorax/drug therapy , Pneumothorax/surgery , Tracheotomy/methods , Tracheotomy/trends , Tracheotomy , Laser Therapy/methods , /methods , Tracheotomy/instrumentation , Microsurgery/instrumentation , Microsurgery , Larynx/pathology , Larynx , Laryngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Laryngeal Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Laryngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Radiography, Thoracic
6.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 60(6): 348-51, 2013.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23153594

ABSTRACT

Transoral laser CO2 microsurgery is becoming an increasing used treatment option for cancer of the larynx and the pharynx. Amongst the advantages it has compared to open surgery and radiotherapy are, it less invasiveness, greater precision, better functional preservation of the organ, and less procedure-associated morbidity. However, this surgical technique is not without its complication, some being rare up until now, but with great clinical importance. We present the case of a patient subjected to microsurgery with a tracheotomy due to cancer of the larynx, who suffered a subcutaneous emphysema, and a bilateral and pneumomediastinal pneumothorax, requiring the appropriate measures for its control and stabilisation, which are described. A review was also performed of the current literature as regards anaesthetic considerations and the main peri-operative complications of laser microsurgery.


Subject(s)
Laser Therapy/adverse effects , Mediastinal Emphysema/etiology , Microsurgery/adverse effects , Pneumothorax/etiology , Tracheotomy/adverse effects , Aged , Female , Humans , Laser Therapy/methods , Mediastinal Emphysema/pathology , Microsurgery/methods , Mouth , Pneumothorax/pathology
7.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor ; 19(6): 318-324, nov.-dic. 2012.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-112738

ABSTRACT

La Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica (SEOM), la Sociedad Española de Cuidados Paliativos (SECPAL) y la Sociedad Española de Dolor (SED), establecieron un documento de consenso en el que asumieron el término "dolor irruptivo", para definir una exacerbación del dolor de forma súbita y transitoria, de gran intensidad (EVA > 7) y de corta duración (usualmente inferior a 20-30 minutos), que aparece sobre la base de un dolor persistente estable, cuando este se encuentra reducido a un nivel tolerable (EVA < 5) mediante el uso fundamental de opioides mayores. La clasificación del dolor irruptivo más utilizada es la que distingue entre dolor irruptivo incidental (predecible o impredecible), idiopático y relacionado con el final de dosis. El manejo adecuado del dolor irruptivo se basa en tres aspectos: prevención, anticipación y uso de la medicación adecuada. Existen formulaciones de opioides de inicio de acción rápida y duración de acción corta (ROOs) que se ajustan mucho mejor al perfil y al tratamiento de este tipo de dolor. Todas ellas contienen citrato de fentanilo y se administran a través de la mucosa oral (transmucosa oral, bucal o sublingual) o nasal. Todos tienen un inicio precoz del efecto, entre 5-15 minutos tras la administración y un tiempo de duración entre 2-4 h y una biodisponibilidad que puede variar según la presentación. Fentanilo sublingual, bucal e intranasal tienen un inicio de acción más rápido y una mayor biodisponibilidad que fentanilo transmucosa oral. Aunque la mayoría de los estudios controlados publicados al respecto, sobre la utilización de ROOs en el dolor irruptivo, recomiendan la necesidad de titulación de dosis (sobre todo los que incluyen CFOT y fentanilo bucal), la elección de una dosis eficaz sigue siendo dificultosa (AU)


Breakthrough pain is defined as an exacerbation of the pain of sudden and transient, high intensity (VAS > 7) and short duration (usually less than 20-30 minutes), which appears on the basis of a stable persistent pain, when this is reduced to a tolerable level (VAS < 5) by using strong opioids. The classification most used is the classification based on the following: Incident (predictable, unpredictable), idiopathic and end-of-dose. Proper management of breakthrough pain is based on three aspects: prevention, early and appropriate medication use. There are formulations of opioids rapid onset and short duration of action (ROOS) that better fit the profile and treatment of this type of pain. Everyone has an early onset of effect, between 5-15 minutes after dosing and a duration of 2-4 h and a bioavailability which may vary according to the filing. Fentanyl buccal tablets, sublingual fentanyl and intranasal nasal fentanyl have a faster onset of action and greater bioavailability of fentanyl transmucosal oral. Although most published controlled studies on this question, the use of de ROOs in the breakthrough pain, indicate the need for dose titration (especially fentanyl OTFC and oral), the choice of an effective dose is still difficult (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pain Management/instrumentation , Pain Management/methods , Pain Management , Fentanyl/therapeutic use , Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology , Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacokinetics , Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use , Chronic Pain/drug therapy , Pain Management/standards , Pain Management/trends , Prognosis , Biological Availability
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