ABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology , Molecular Conformation , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/immunology , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , GlycosylationABSTRACT
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to locate Sectale cereale (inter-simple sequence repeat ISSR) or Secale cereale inter-microsatellite (SCIM) markers using wheat-rye addition lines in order to develop a set of molecular markers distributed on the seven rye chromosomes. The number of SCIM markers located on 1R, 2R, 3R, 4R, 5R, 6R and 7R chromosomes were 4, 3, 12, 3, 2, 9 and 8, respectively. Therefore, a total of 41 new SCIMs were located on the seven rye chromosomes. The segregation of the 63 different SCIM markers in three different F2 was studied. The observed ISSR segregations were the 3:1 (50.7%), the 15:1 (12.7%) and the 1:1 (14.2%). The linkage analysis carried out indicated that seven of the segregating SCIMs were linked to chromosome 7R and two were linked to chromosome 4R. The use of the SCIM markers as a source of molecular markers that could be linked to interesting genes or other important agronomic traits is discussed.
Subject(s)
Chromosomes, Plant/genetics , Secale/genetics , Chromosome Mapping , Crosses, Genetic , Microsatellite Repeats , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Triticum/geneticsABSTRACT
Rye has one of the most efficient groups of genes for aluminum tolerance (Alt) among cultivated species of Triticeae. This tolerance is controlled by, at least, three independent and dominant loci (Alt1, Alt2, and Alt3) located on chromosome arms 6RS, 3RS, and 4RL, respectively. The segregation of Alt genes and several random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Secale cereale inter-microsatellite (SCIM), and Secale cereale microsatellite (SCM) markers in three F(2) between a tolerant cultivar (Ailés) and a non-tolerant inbred line (Riodeva) were studied. The segregation ratio obtained for aluminum tolerance in the three F(2) populations analyzed was 3:1 (tolerant:non-tolerant), indicating that tolerance is controlled by one dominant locus. SCIM811(1376) was linked to an Alt gene in the three F(2) populations studied, and three different SCIMs and one RAPD (SCIM811(1376), SCIM812(626), SCIM812(1138), and OPQ4(725)) were linked to the Alt gene in two F(2) populations. This result indicated that the same Alt gene was segregating in the three crosses. SCIM819(1434) and OPQ4(578) linked to the tolerance gene in one F(2) population were located using wheat-rye ditelosomic addition lines on the 7RS chromosome arm. The Alt locus is mapped between SCIM819(1434) and the OPQ4(578) markers. Two microsatellite loci (SCM-40 and SCM-86), previously located on chromosome 7R, were also linked to the Alt gene. Therefore, the Alt gene segregating in these F(2) populations is new and probably could be orthologous to the Alt genes located on wheat chromosome arm 4DL, on barley chromosome arm 4HL, on rye chromosome arm 4RL, and rice chromosome 3. This new Alt gene located on rye chromosome arm 7RS was named Alt4. A map of rye chromosome 7R with the Alt4 gene, 16 SCIM and RAPD, markers and two SCM markers was obtained.
Subject(s)
Adaptation, Physiological/genetics , Aluminum/toxicity , Chromosome Mapping , Genes, Plant/genetics , Secale/genetics , Base Sequence , Crosses, Genetic , Microsatellite Repeats/genetics , Molecular Sequence Data , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
The functional properties of flours and protein isolates from the legumes Phaseolus lunatus and Canavalia ensiformis were evaluated to determine their potential practical applications. The respective protein isolates were obtained from the flours by using isoelectric precipitation, with a protein content of 71.13% for the P. lunatus isolate (PPI) and 73.75% for the C. ensiformis isolate (CPI). Nitrogen solubility was good in both acid and alkaline pHs for isolates and Canavalia flour (CF), with values as high as 80%, but not for the Phaseolus flour (PF). The flours and protein isolates had good water-holding capacities, with values between 2.65 and 3.80 g/g sample. Oil-holding capacity was highest in PPI (4.59 g/g sample) and CF (3.15 g/g sample). Under alkaline pH, the PPI foaming capacity (147%) was higher than those for CPI and CF, though the flours produced greater foam. Emulsifying activities for the PF, CF, PPI, and CPI were similar (46.78-53.84%) for pH range 6-10. Emulsion stability (ES) was superior in the CF and the CPI, where values reached 100% at pH 7 and 8. Apparent viscosity was pH-dependent.
