ABSTRACT
The physicochemical, nutritional and sensory properties of flours, doughs and tortillas made with traditional nixtamalization (TN) and ecological nixtamalization (EN) and enriched (9%) with the traditional maguey mushroom (Pleurotus agaves) were analysed. EN resulted in flours and tortillas having a greater content of bioactive compounds than that of TN flours, which represents a production process of maize tortillas containing high amounts of antioxidants. The addition of mushrooms to EN flours improved their sensory properties, whereas the addition of mushrooms to TN flours decreased them. The amount of P. agaves added to tortillas was equivalent to 3% enrichment with ß-glucans. The edible mushroom P. agaves, highly appreciated in many Mexican regions, improved the nutritional and sensory quality of blue maize tortillas when added to flours prepared by EN. A new product was developed using local traditional foods of complementary nutritional value.
Subject(s)
Bread/analysis , Flour/analysis , Food, Fortified/analysis , Pleurotus , Zea mays , Food Handling/methods , Humans , Mexico , Nutritive ValueABSTRACT
SCOPE: Heating during the process of cooking alters the chemical properties of foods and may affect subsequent postprandial inflammation. We tested the effects of four meals rich in different oils subjected to heating on the postprandial inflammatory metabolism of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty obese participants received four breakfasts following a randomized crossover design, consisting of milk and muffins made with different oils (virgin olive oil (VOO), sunflower oil (SFO), and a mixture of seeds oil (SFO/canola oil) with added either dimethylpolysiloxane (SOD), or natural antioxidants from olive mill wastewater alperujo (phenols; SOP)), previously subjected to 20 heating cycles. Postprandial inflammatory status in PBMCs was assessed by the activation of nuclear NF-κB, the concentration in cytoplasm of the NF-κB inhibitor (IκB-α), the mRNA levels of NF-κB subunits and activators (p65, IKKß, and IKKα) and other inflammatory molecules (TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-6, MIF, and JNK), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels. VOO and SOP breakfasts reduced NF-κB activation, increased IκB-α, and decreased LPS plasma concentration. SFO increased IKKα, IKKß, p65, IL-1b, IL-6, MIF, and JNK mRNA levels, and plasma LPS. CONCLUSION: Oils rich in phenols, whether natural (VOO) or artificially added (SOP), reduce postprandial inflammation, compared with seed oil (sunflower).
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/administration & dosage , Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/administration & dosage , Obesity/metabolism , Phenol/administration & dosage , Plant Oils/administration & dosage , Cross-Over Studies , Dimethylpolysiloxanes/metabolism , Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/chemistry , Food Handling/methods , Hot Temperature , Humans , I-kappa B Kinase/blood , I-kappa B Proteins/blood , Inflammation/drug therapy , Interleukin-1beta/blood , Interleukin-6/blood , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism , Lipopolysaccharides/blood , Middle Aged , NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha , NF-kappa B/blood , Obesity/physiopathology , Olive Oil , Plant Oils/chemistry , Postprandial Period , Rapeseed Oil , Sunflower Oil , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolismABSTRACT
Se plantea el valor del electrocardiograma (ECG) para el diagnóstico topográfico del infarto miocárdico agudo (IMA). A pesar de los nuevos métodos de estudio, el ECG ha sobrevivido a métodos cardiográficos más sofisticados puestos en uso en los últimos años. El presente estudio se realizó con los 102 pacientes que sufrieron IMA y fueron ingresados en el Hospital Provincial de Cienfuegos, durante su primer año de funcionamiento. La localización más frecuente fue la anterior, seguida de la inferior en una proporción de 6,5. LLamó la atención los pocos casos de infartos anterior + inferior combinados, así como los subendocárdicos e intramurales que alcanzaron en conjunto un 4 porciento del total, estimándose qué factores médicos y sociales influyen negativamente en esta área para su detección(AU)
