ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study was to investigate whether the metabolic abnormalities of adipokines and asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA) associate with pulmonary function deficits in adolescents with obesity and asthma. METHODS: This study enrolled 28 obese adolescents with asthma, 46 obese adolescents without asthma, 58 normal-weight adolescents with asthma, and 63 healthy control subjects. Serum levels of leptin, high-molecule-weight (HMW) adiponectin, retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA), and pulmonary function were qualified. RESULTS: The obese subjects had higher levels of leptin and ADMA but lower levels of HMW adiponectin than the normal-weight subjects with or without asthma. The subjects with asthma had higher levels of RBP4 than those without asthma. The obese adolescents with asthma had lowest forced expiratory lung volume in the first second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio among the four study groups. In all the study subjects and in the subjects with asthma alone, the FEV1/FVC ratio associated negatively with leptin, however, such association was rendered non-significant when adjusted for BMI. The pulmonary function deficits associated inversely with BMI percentile in the subjects with asthma. However, the decreased FEV1/FVC ratio was not correlated with HMW adiponectin, RBP4 or ADMA. CONCLUSIONS: Our present study confirmed obstructive pattern of pulmonary function characterized by the reduced FEV1/FVC ratio in the obese adolescents with asthma. These pulmonary deficits were associated inversely with the increased BMI percentile.
Subject(s)
Adipokines/metabolism , Arginine/analogs & derivatives , Asthma/epidemiology , Asthma/physiopathology , Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology , Pediatric Obesity/physiopathology , Adiponectin/metabolism , Adolescent , Arginine/metabolism , Child , Female , Humans , Leptin/metabolism , Lung/physiopathology , Male , Respiratory Function Tests , Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma/metabolismABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a six-month lifestyle intervention on adiponectin, resistin, and two soluble forms of tumor necrosis factor-α receptor (sTNFR) in obese adolescents. A total of 54 obese adolescents aged 10 to 16 years completed the program. Twenty-four adolescents with normal weight at baseline were used as a control group. Our results demonstrated that obese adolescents had abnormal lipid profile, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index, adiponectin level (5.6 ± 2.7 vs. 7.6 ± 2.9 µg/mL, p = 0.005) as well as resistin level (31.0 ± 9.0 vs. 24.3 ± 8.5 ng/mL, p = 0.003), whereas levels of both sTNFRs were similar to those in normal weight subjects. After the six-month lifestyle intervention, obese adolescents had a slight but significant drop in standard deviation score-body mass index (SDS-BMI), a significant decrease in waist circumference, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HOMA index, as well as resistin, and a significant increase in adiponectin and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. In adolescents without decreased SDS-BMI, no change was observed in adipokines. Changes in adiponectin correlated negatively with changes in waist circumference (r = -0.275, p = 0.044). Changes in resistin correlated positively with changes in triglycerides (r = 0.302, p = 0.027). The study demonstrated the increase of resistin and the decrease of adiponectin in obese adolescents. Lifestyle intervention improved adipokine abnormalities in obese subjects.
Subject(s)
Adiponectin/blood , Life Style , Obesity/therapy , Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/blood , Resistin/blood , Adolescent , Body Mass Index , Child , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Female , Homeostasis , Humans , Insulin Resistance , Male , Models, Biological , Obesity/blood , Triglycerides , Waist CircumferenceABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a six-month lifestyle intervention on ghrelin and asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA) in obese Mexican adolescents. A total of 65 obese Mexican adolescents aged 10-16 years completed a six-month lifestyle intervention. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were assessed at baseline and at six months. Twenty normal-weight adolescents were also evaluated at baseline. Insulin resistance (IR) was determined by the homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR). Ghrelin and ADMA were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Obese adolescents presented significantly higher triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and ADMA levels, while ghrelin was significantly lower. The lifestyle intervention led to a significant improvement in HOMA-IR, ghrelin, and ADMA in the whole studied obese subjects. ADMA and ghrelin levels were associated with BMI and IR components. According to the value of HOMA-IR, the obese subjects were divided into subjects with or without IR, no difference in ghrelin and ADMA was observed in these two subgroups. After intervention, the obese with IR showed increased ghrelin and decreased ADMA, while the obese without IR only showed improvement in ghrelin. The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the changes of systolic blood pressure were the only predictor for the changes of ghrelin in the obese with IR. Our study demonstrated the increase of ADMA and the decrease of ghrelin in obese adolescents. Lifestyle intervention improved insulin resistance, decreased ADMA, and increased ghrelin in obese subjects with IR although no significant weight loss was observed.
