[Detection of chlamydia antibodies in non-standard biological fluids in women with fertility disorders]. / Urcení antichlamydiových protilátek v nestandardních biologických tekutinách u zen s poruchami plodnosti.

OBJECTIVE: Detection of IgA and IgG antibodies against Chlamydia trachomatis in various biological materials in patients with fertility disorders. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty of Charles University and Faculty Hospital, Plzen. METHODS: Antichlamydial antibodies IgA and IgG were detected in 73 patients. Examination of sera was performed in all 73 women, peritoneal fluid was examined in 20 patients who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy, follicular fluid samples in 22 women from IVF programme and antibodies in cervical ovulatory mucus were examined in 31 patients of the Division of Immunology of Reproduction. Results were compared with clinical findings and data of personal histories. Blood donors sera examination were used as a control group. RESULTS: High number of chlamydial antibody positivity was found in follicular fluid--in IgA (18/22, 82%) and IgG (16/22, 73%) and also in ovulatory cervical mucus in IgA (13/31, 42%). Examinations of sera did not differ significantly from the control group. CONCLUSION: High levels of chlamydial antibodies in follicular fluid samples could display connection between chlamydia infection and infertility, mainly as its organic cause (adhesions, tubal factor). IgA positivity in cervical ovulatory mucus is caused by local antibody production. Serologic examination of chlamydial antibodies is one of the most suitable examinations of entry in infertile patients as well as in pregnant women.

[Penetration of cervical mucus by native and cryopreserved sperm--the Kremer test]. / Penetrace nativních a kryokonzervovaných spermií ovulacním hlenem--Kremeruv test.

OBJECTIVE: The penetration of native and cryopreserved human spermatozoa into cervical mucus--the Kremer's test. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical Faculty, Charles University and Faculty Hospital, Plzen. METHODS: Human cervical mucus was collected from 73 women visiting the Division of immunology of reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Plzen. Native spermatozoa was obtained from the patients of the Division of Immunology of Reproduction as well. Cryopreserved only in its seminal plasma was obtained from the spermabank of our department. The distance of penetration in centimetres from the start was examined in inverse microscopy after 30, 60, 90 and 90 minutes. Also the character and duration of the sperm motility was analyzed. RESULTS: The penetration of native spermatozoa was higher than the penetration of cryopreserved spermatozoa in each case. The native spermatozoa had a higher penetrability, motility and life-ability. Spermatozoa preserved only in its seminal plasma had the parameters demonstrably lower. Nevertheless these spermatozoa can be successfully used for homologue or heterologue insemination or for IVF because these spermatozoa do not loose its enzymatic and remaining energetic equipment by penetration the cervical canal. CONCLUSION: The Kremer's test belongs to the reliable methods of penetration ability of native and cryopreserved sperms.