ABSTRACT
Abstract Objective: To evaluate cardiac function and structural changes in children of diabetic mothers in the fetal and neonatal period using Doppler-echocardiographic data. Method: A prospective, descriptive observational study conducted in a private and tertiary care service for high-risk pregnant women. It included 48 children of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) considered clinically compensated during pregnancy, with a single fetus and absence of malformations. Myocardial thickness, shortening fraction, left ventricular (LVMPI) and right ventricular (RVMPI) myocardial performance index, and mitral and tricuspid valve E/A ratio were evaluated in 96 echocardiographic exams with Doppler. Results: The hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was 29% vs 6% p = 0.006 in the prenatal and postnatal periods respectively. The shortening fraction was 0% vs 6% p = 0.242 in the fetuses and newborns respectively. The myocardial performance index of the right ventricle was 12% vs 54% p ≤ 0.001, and on the left ventricle 27% vs 60% p = 0.001 in the prenatal and postnatal periods respectively. The ratio of mitral valve E/A waves was 6% vs 50% p ≤ 0.001 and the ratio of tricuspid valve E/A waves was 0% vs 27% p 0.001 in the fetuses and newborns respectively. Conclusion: A decrease in the rate of myocardial hypertrophy and changes in cardiac function parameters were observed in the fetal and neonatal periods.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Child , Diabetes, Gestational , Cardiomyopathies , Prospective Studies , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Gestational Age , Fetal Heart/diagnostic imaging , MothersABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate cardiac function and structural changes in children of diabetic mothers in the fetal and neonatal period using Doppler-echocardiographic data. METHOD: A prospective, descriptive observational study conducted in a private and tertiary care service for high-risk pregnant women. It included 48 children of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) considered clinically compensated during pregnancy, with a single fetus and absence of malformations. Myocardial thickness, shortening fraction, left ventricular (LVMPI) and right ventricular (RVMPI) myocardial performance index, and mitral and tricuspid valve E/A ratio were evaluated in 96 echocardiographic exams with Doppler. RESULTS: The hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was 29% vs 6% pâ¯=â¯0.006 in the prenatal and postnatal periods respectively. The shortening fraction was 0% vs 6% pâ¯=â¯0.242 in the fetuses and newborns respectively. The myocardial performance index of the right ventricle was 12% vs 54% pâ¯≤â¯0.001, and on the left ventricle 27% vs 60% pâ¯=â¯0.001 in the prenatal and postnatal periods respectively. The ratio of mitral valve E/A waves was 6% vs 50% pâ¯≤â¯0.001 and the ratio of tricuspid valve E/A waves was 0% vs 27% pâ¯≤â¯0.001 in the fetuses and newborns respectively. CONCLUSION: A decrease in the rate of myocardial hypertrophy and changes in cardiac function parameters were observed in the fetal and neonatal periods.