Potentially functional lactose-free ice cream with Lacticaseibacillus casei CSL3, ginger, and honey.

AIMS: To develop and characterize a functional lactose-free ice cream with added ginger and honey, evaluate the survival of Lacticaseibacillus casei CSL3 under frozen storage and the simulated gastrointestinal tract (GIT), as well as antioxidant activity and product acceptability. METHODS AND RESULTS: The survival of Lacticaseibacillus casei CSL3 was evaluated for 180 days, under frozen storage, and GIT at 60 days. At 15 days of storage, proximal composition, antioxidant activity, color, pH, acidity, fusion, density, overrun, and sensory analysis were performed. Ice cream was an effective food matrix for maintaining the viability of CSL3, with concentrations > 7 log CFU g- 1 during storage and GIT. In addition, the analysis showed overrun and prebiotic characteristics through high values of antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds, good acceptability, and purchase intention. CONCLUSIONS: The product has satisfactory market potential (acceptance rate of 95.19% and purchase intention rate > 96%), and it could become another means of inserting probiotics in food.

Identification of pH-specific protein expression responses by Campylobacter jejuni strain NCTC 11168.

In this study a data dependent acquisition label-free based proteomics approach was used to identify pH-dependent proteins that respond in a growth phase independent manner in Campylobacter jejuni reference strain NCTC 11168. NCTC 11168 was grown within its pH physiological normal growth range (pH 5.8, 7.0 and 8.0, µ = âˆ¼0.5 h-1) and exposed to pH 4.0 shock for 2 h. It was discovered that gluconate 2-dehydrogenase GdhAB, NssR-regulated globins Cgb and Ctb, cupin domain protein Cj0761, cytochrome c protein CccC (Cj0037c), and phosphate-binding transporter protein PstB all show acidic pH dependent abundance increases but are not activated by sub-lethal acid shock. Glutamate synthase (GLtBD) and the MfrABC and NapAGL respiratory complexes were induced in cells grown at pH 8.0. The response to pH stress by C. jejuni is to bolster microaerobic respiration and at pH 8.0 this is assisted by accumulation of glutamate the conversion of which could bolster fumarate respiration. The pH dependent proteins linked to growth in C. jejuni NCTC 11168 aids cellular energy conservation maximising growth rate and thus competitiveness and fitness.

Virulence factors of foodborne pathogen Campylobacterjejuni.

Campylobacter jejuni is a highly frequent cause of gastrointestinal foodborne disease in humans throughout the world. Disease outcomes vary from mild to severe diarrhea, and in rare cases the Guillain-Barré syndrome or reactive arthritis can develop as a post-infection complication. Transmission to humans usually occurs via the consumption of a range of foods, especially those associated with the consumption of raw or undercooked poultry meat, unpasteurized milk, and water-based environmental sources. When associated to food or water ingestion, the C. jejuni enters the human host intestine via the oral route and colonizes the distal ileum and colon. When it adheres and colonizes the intestinal cell surfaces, the C. jejuni is expected to express several putative virulence factors, which cause damage to the intestine either directly, by cell invasion and/or production of toxin(s), or indirectly, by triggering inflammatory responses. This review article highlights various C. jejuni characteristics - such as motility and chemotaxis - that contribute to the biological fitness of the pathogen, as well as factors involved in human host cell adhesion and invasion, and their potential role in the development of the disease. We have analyzed and critically discussed nearly 180 scientific articles covering the latest improvements in the field.

PCR Multiplex para detecção de staphylococcus aureus enterotoxigênicos isolados de alimentos de origem animal no sul do rio grande do sul, Brasil / Multiplex PCR for detection of enterotoxigenic staphylococcus aureus isolated from food of animal origin in south of rio grande do sul, Brasil / PCR Multiplex para detección de staphylococcus aureus enterotoxigénicos aislados de alimentos de origen animal en el sur de río grande do sul, Brasil

Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver duas PCR multiplex (PCRm) para a detecção dos genes das enterotoxinas estafilocócicas (EE) A (sea), B (seb), C (sec) e D (sed) em Staphylococcus aureus isolados de alimentos de origem animal, bem como relacionar a presença desses genes com a origem do microrganismo. As duas PCRm foram padronizadas utilizando-se cepas de S. aureus cuja capacidade toxigênica foi previamente confirmada através de ELISA indireto, com o uso de toxinas e soros antitoxinas de referência. Em seis (12%) dos 50 isolados de S. aureus foi possível detectar um ou mais genes de EE, sendo que um isolado albergava os genes sea e seb, três isolados albergavam seb e dois albergavam sed. As duas PCRm desenvolvidas são eficientes para a detecção dos genes sea, seb, sec e sed e, considerando-se a associação existente entre S. aureus enterotoxigênicos portadores dos genes sea e seb e humanos, e genes sec e sed com outros animais, a origem mais provável da maioria dos isolados foram os manipuladores de alimentos.

The object of this work was to develop two multiplex PCR (mPCR) for the detection of genes of staphylococcal enterotoxins (EE) A (sea), B (seb), C (sec) and D (sed) of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from food of animal origin and to relate the presence of the genes with the origin of the microorganism. The two mPCR were standardized using strains of S. aureus whose toxigenic capacity was previously confirmed through indirect ELISA, with the use of reference toxins and serum antitoxins. In six (12%) out of 50 isolates of S. aureus it was possible to detect one or more genes of EE; one isolate harbored sea and seb genes, three isolates harbored seb and two harbored sed. The two sets of mPCR developed are efficient for the detection of the sea, seb, sec and sed, and, considering the existing association of enterotoxigenic S. aureus genes sea and seb with human beings and genes sec and sed with other animals, the most likely origin of the majority of the isolates are the food handlers.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo desarrollar dos PCR multiplex (mPCR) para la detección de los genes de enterotoxinas estafilococicas (EE) A (sea), B (seb), C (sec) y D (sed) en Staphylococcus aureus aislados de alimentos de origen animal, y relacionar la presencia de los genes con el origen del microorganismo. Las mPCR fueron estandarizadas utilizando cepas toxigénicas de S. aureus, cuya capacidad fue previamente confirmada por ELISA indirecto, con la utilización de toxinas y sueros de referencia. En seis (12%) de los 50 S. aureus aislados fue posible detectar uno o mas genes de EE, siendo que un aislado albergaba sea y seb, tres aislados albergavam seb y dos albergavam sed. Los dos conjuntos de mPCR desarrollados son eficaces en la detección de los genes sea, seb, sec y sed, y, teniendo en cuenta la asociación entre S. aureus enterotoxigénicos con genes sea y seb y humanos, y los genes sec y sed con otros animales, el origen más probable de la mayoría de los aislados son los manipuladores de alimentos.

Identification of Staphylococcus aureus, S. intermedius and S. hyicus by PCR amplification of coa and nuc genes

Sixty-five strains of coagulase positive staphylococci (Staphylococcus aureus, S. intermedius and S. hyicus) were identified at species level by PCR amplification of the coa gene, specific for S. aureus, and of the nuc gene, specific for S. intermedius and for S. hyicus.

Sessenta e cinco cepas de estafilococos coagulase positiva foram identificadas em nível de espécie, através da amplificação, por PCR, de seqüências do gene coa, específicas para S. aureus, e do gene nuc, específicas para S. intermedius e para S. hyicus.