Splinted Porcelain Laminate Veneers With a Natural Tooth Pontic: A Provisional Approach for Conservative and Esthetic Treatment of a Challenging Case.

Esthetic rehabilitation of discolored anterior teeth is always a great challenge, especially in the presence of pathology. Fortunately, conservative management in the esthetic zone has become more feasible in compromised cases because of the development of restorative materials and advances in dental adhesives. This report presents a complicated case of a patient with tetracycline-related discoloration, multiple root resorption, and a periapical lesion. Treatment was conservative and used a natural tooth pontic and splinted porcelain laminate veneers.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms in HIF-1α gene and residual ridge resorption (RRR) of mandible in Korean population.

Tooth extraction is a routine surgical procedure in dental treatment. As a wound healing process after tooth extraction, a saddle-shaped residual ridge forms due to bone formation in the extraction socket and localized bone resorption on the external surface of the jawbone. The residual ridge is subjected to continuous bone resorption with substantial differences among individuals. In some cases, it results in excessive bone atrophy, which complicates dental restorative treatment. This unique oral wound healing process may be influenced by factors that are specific to oral tissue. HIF expression is different in oral wound healing compared to that of skin wounds. The objective of this study was to examine a genetic association between SNP of the HIF-1α gene, which is known to have high genetic diversity, and the residual ridge resorption (RRR). Two hundred and two Korean subjects (70.80 ± 9.40 years) with partially or completely edentulous mandible were recruited, and edentulous mandibular bone height was measured following the protocol of the American College of Prosthodontists. The HIF-1α allele was directly sequenced in 24 subjects resulting in the variants over 5% frequency in 95% likelihood, whereas tag-SNPs were selected to perform analysis for the remaining population. Student's t-test and ANOVA were used for statistical analysis to examine the association between the SNPs and the RRR. Four novel variants were discovered, and a minor allele of rs11549467 was associated with the RRR of the subjects (p = 0.028). rs11549467 increases HIF-1α transactivity, enhancing angiogenesis and increasing new vessel formation. Thus, rs11549467 may play an important role in the disturbed bone remodeling balance resulting in RRR. Results of this study may be useful in developing novel genetic diagnostic tests and identifying Koreans susceptible to developing excessive jawbone atrophy after dental extraction. Most importantly, early screening using genetic information will rescue susceptible patients from the vulnerable situation of excessive jawbone atrophy where no effective prosthetic treatment is available.

Serum adipokine concentrations in dogs with acute pancreatitis.

BACKGROUND: Limited information is available about the role of adipokines in the development and progression of acute pancreatitis (AP) in dogs. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the circulating concentrations of adipokines differed between healthy dogs and dogs with AP, and whether the circulating concentrations differed between AP survivors and AP nonsurvivors. ANIMALS: Twenty-eight healthy dogs and 25 client-owned dogs with AP. METHODS: Prospective observational cohort study of 25 client-owned dogs with newly diagnosed AP and 28 otherwise healthy dogs with similar body condition scores. The serum concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, resistin, visfatin, interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured. RESULTS: The serum concentrations of leptin (P = .0021), resistin (P = .0010), visfatin (P < .0001), IL-1ß (P < .0001), IL-6 (P = .0002), IL-10 (P < .0001), and IL-18 (P < .0001) were significantly higher in dogs with AP than healthy dogs, whereas the adiponectin concentration (P = .0011) was significantly lower. There were significant differences in the serum concentrations of leptin (P = .028) and adiponectin (P = .046) in survivors and nonsurvivors. After the disappearance of clinical signs, the concentrations of resistin (P = .037) and IL-1ß (P = .027) decreased significantly, whereas the serum concentrations of leptin (P > .999), adiponectin (P = .11), visfatin (P = .83), IL-6 (P = .82), IL-10 (P = .82), IL-18 (P = .56), and TNF-α (P = .94) did not differ significantly. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: This study showed that dysregulation of adipokines might be involved in the pathogenesis of AP. In addition, leptin and adiponectin are likely to be associated with mortality rate in AP.

Lipomembranous changes associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Lipomembranous changes are distinctive histopathological findings, which include the presence of cystic cavities lined by crenulated, hyaline membranes in adipose tissue. It is likely that ischaemia is fundamental to the development of these lesions, and that lipomembranes are formed from the products of degenerating fat cell membranes by some unknown mechanism. Such changes may be seen, although rarely, in many types of subcutaneous inflammatory processes. However, an association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is rare. We report a patient with SLE who had the histological features of lipomembranous changes associated with vasculopathy.

Serum adipokine concentrations in dogs with naturally occurring pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism.

BACKGROUND: An excess of intra-abdominal fat is observed frequently in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism (HAC). Adipokine dysregulation is a possible cause of complications related to visceral obesity, but little information is available on adipokine in dogs with naturally occurring HAC. OBJECTIVES: To examine the differences in the circulating adipokines concentrations in overweight dogs with and without pituitary-dependent HAC (PDH). ANIMALS: Thirty healthy dogs and 15 client-owned dogs with PDH. METHODS: Case-controlled observational study, which enrolled 15 overweight dogs diagnosed with PDH and 30 otherwise healthy dogs of similar body condition score. Nine of 15 dogs with PDH were treated with low-dose trilostane twice daily and reassessed after treatment. RESULTS: The serum leptin (P < .0001) and insulin (P < .0001) concentrations were significantly higher in the PDH group (leptin, 22.8 ± 8.8 [mean ± SD]; insulin, 9.1 ± 6.1) than the healthy group (leptin, 4.9 ± 3.7; insulin, 1.9 ± 0.9). However, there were no significant differences in the adiponectin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-18 levels between the 2 groups. In the PDH group, the serum cortisol concentrations had a linear association with the leptin concentrations, and there were significant decreases in the leptin (P = .0039) and insulin (P = .0039) levels after trilostane treatment. However, the leptin and insulin levels remained higher after trilostane treatment than in healthy control dogs with similar body condition score. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Hypercortisolemia in dogs with PDH might upregulate the circulating leptin levels. However, a large population-based study will be necessary to determine whether the upregulation of leptin is involved directly with the complications caused by HAC.

An eccrine angiomatous hamartoma with histopathological features of a papillary haemangioma in a neonate.

Eccrine angiomatous hamartoma (EAH) is a benign hamartomatous tumour characterized by a combination of proliferative eccrine and vascular elements. Papillary haemangioma (PH) is a distinct cutaneous haemangioma with predominantly intravascular capillary proliferation within dilated thin-walled blood vessels. EAHs have been reported in combination with various vascular components. We present the first case in the dermatological literature, to our knowledge, of a patient with congenital EAH with the histopathological features of a PH.