ABSTRACT
The two types of anterior rectocele, "distension" of Type 1 rectocele (T1R) and "displacement" or Type 2 rectocele (T2R), have different anatomical, clinical and therapeutic profiles. The aim of this study was to assess anorectal function in patients with distension or displacement rectocele. Three groups of female patients and one group of healthy female subjects were studied. Both the 10 Group 1 subjects, who had been diagnosed as having T1R, and 10 Group 2 women who had been diagnosed as having T2R, were symptomatic for digital evacuation of the rectum. The 10 Group 3 females had complained of sever idiopathic constipation but had no defecatory disorders. The control group was made up to 10 healthy volunteers. All patients and controls underwent clinical evaluation, colonic transit time (CTT), computerized anorectal manometry (CAM), and defecography. Bowel movements and clinical evaluation were similar for both rectocele groups. In Group 1, CAM detected significantly higher anal pressure (P < 0.05) and more impaired rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR) (P < 0.01) in comparison to the other patients and controls. In Group 2, the lowest anal pressure (P < 0.001) was noted but RAIR was normal. Defecographic results, at rest and during evacuation, showed a significantly (P < 0.001) higher anorectal angle and a more abnormal pelvic floor descent in Group 2 than in the other study groups and controls. Therefore, peculiar anorectal function was present in patients with anterior rectocele. A pelvic floor dyssynergia was noted in the distension rectocele group, while a fall of the pelvic floor was noted in the displacement rectocele group.
Subject(s)
Anal Canal/physiopathology , Rectal Diseases/physiopathology , Rectum/physiopathology , Adult , Aged , Colon/physiopathology , Constipation/etiology , Constipation/physiopathology , Defecation , Female , Gastrointestinal Transit , Hernia/complications , Hernia/diagnostic imaging , Hernia/physiopathology , Humans , Linear Models , Manometry , Middle Aged , Pressure , Radiography , Rectal Diseases/complications , Rectal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , VaginaABSTRACT
Ten cases of ectopic pancreas are presented. The literature on the subject is reviewed and the more controversial aspects of the disorder are discussed, in particular the clinical and anatomic-pathological significance, its diagnostic recognition, and the necessary treatment.
Subject(s)
Choristoma , Duodenal Neoplasms , Pancreas , Stomach Neoplasms , Choristoma/diagnosis , Choristoma/epidemiology , Choristoma/pathology , Cohort Studies , Duodenal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Duodenal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Duodenal Neoplasms/pathology , Female , Humans , Italy/epidemiology , Male , Stomach Neoplasms/diagnosis , Stomach Neoplasms/epidemiology , Stomach Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
Twenty-four patients with Raynaud's phenomenon, without ARA criteria for classification, were examined, after clinical history, by means of esophageal manometry, combined gastric and esophageal pH-monitoring, endoscopy. The results showed in these patients a high incidence of esophageal motor abnormalities (66.6%), of gastroesophageal reflux (50%), and of duodenogastric reflux (45.8%).