[IDENTIFICATION OF CAUSES OF EARLY PREGNANCY LOSSES ACCORDING TO HYSTOMORPHOLOGIC FEATURES].

Retrospective analysis of the early spontaneous abortions has been conducted (486 cases). Histomorphologic analysis of the curettage material contents erveledinvolutive-regressive developmental chsnges in 108 (22,28%) cases, in 370 cases (77.78%) pathologic changes, like inflammatory changes of deciduas and chorionic villis in 302 cases (80.2%), pathologic prematurity of chorionic vili in 48 cases (12.6%), hydatidiform mole in 28 cases (7.4%). As most cases of pregnancy loss has been reported at 7-9 weeks /172 cases/, we compared histomorphologic data revealed at 7-8 (71 cases) weeks to 5-6 (135 cases) and 10-12 weeks of gestation. Morphologic research data confimed, that at 7-8 weeks compared to 5-6 weeks leading reason ofpregnancy loss was inflammatory changes (OR-1,584), what can be cause of 110 pregnancy losses at 1000 pregnant women (AR-0.11). Data comparing7-9 weeks to 10-12 weeks pregnancy losses, confirm the priority of pathologic immaturity (OR-1,279) and hydatidiform mole (OR-1,557) and could be the risk of 100 cases of pregnancy termination at 1000 pregnant women (AR-0.10).Existing results are of great importance for the preconceptional preparation of women.

Morphofunctional characteristics of the ovaries in proliferative uterine myoma.

Morphofunctional changes in the ovaries in women of reproductive age with proliferative uterine myoma were studied. Disorders in folliculogenesis with primordial follicles degeneration of different degree, cystic degeneration of follicles at different stages of their development, paralleled by hyperplasia of the theca-granulosa complex and hyperestrogenemia, were detected. Morphological equivalent of hyperestrogenemia is increased content of lipid inclusions in granulosa cells, ultrastructural hyperplasia, increased volume and quantity of secretion-containing Cull-Exner bodies.

[The morpho-functional changes of the follicular apparatus and yellow body of the ovary in women of the reproductive age with myoma].

It have been studied the morpho-functional changes of the ovaries in women of reproductive age with proliferative myoma of uteri. Based on the analysis of the result of the investigation on the myomatic knots of the women in the condition of high activity of proliferation of myocytes a very complexes, multifactorial pathogenetic mechanisms of the myoma has been outlined. Switch in the common changes in the dynamic oxidative stress and hyperestrogenemia promotes development of the myoma.

[Effectiveness of radioprotective action of plaferon LB].

The aim of the study was the investigation of effectiveness of radioprotective action of plaferon LB on rat's ovary during gamma-irradiation. It was established that during irradiation in the rats ovary the mechanisms of follicle genesis ovulation and luteinization are disordered. It was revealed hyperplasia of hormone produced structures by way of thekomatosis. During postradiation action of plaferon LB in ovary with disordered follicle genesis in single follicle the oocyte structure is preserved in dystrophic conditions. It may be concluded, that plaferon LB contributes to the inhibition of hormone produced structures hyperplasia. Preventive action of plaferon LB during 5 days before irradiation provides maintenance of normal structure of oocytes in follicle and increased hyperplasia of stroma. There wasn't revealed the trend towards thekamatosis.

[Morpho-functional parameters of the corpus luteum in healthy women and in patients of reproductive age with uterine myoma].

Ovarian corpus luteum of menstruation at the stage of its peak activity was studied in normal women and in patients with proliferative uterine myoma using ultrasonography (intravaginal color Doppler imaging), laboratory analyses (progesterone and estrogen concentrations in peripheral blood) and morphological (histological, histochemical and morphometric) methods. In patients with proliferative uterine myoma, the defective corpus luteum was detected, as indicated by the prevalence of small granulosa lutein cells, insignificant amount and uneven distribution of lipid inclusions in their cytoplasm, marked reduction of progesterone concentration in peripheral blood, unechogenicity, low degree of vascularization and increase in the value of resistance index of ovarian stromal arteries.

[Oxidative metabolism of uterine smooth muscular tissue in norm and neoplastic growth (clinical and experimental studies)].

Complex echoscopic, histological and EPR- (electron paramagnetic resonance)-spectroscopic study of uterine smooth muscular tissue was performed using normal and neoplastic samples obtained from women of reproductive age as well as from experimental animals (guinea pigs) with normo- and hyperestrogenemia. It was found that as compared with normal myometrium, the proliferating uterine myoma had an extensive peripheral vascularization of myomatous nodule with a decreased resistance index, which is a marker of myocyte proliferative activity in the myomatous nodule. These data were supported by histological findings in material obtained at operations, which demonstrated the signs of proliferative growth. Using EPR, it was shown that uterine myoma was characterized by an estrogen-dependent intensification of the processes of free-radical oxidation, which correlated with a degree of hormonal changes. Accumulation of free-radical oxidation activators and of ions of ferritin-unbound iron in the tumor tissue is indicative of the intensification of proliferative activity of the cells of uterine myoma and is one of the risk factors of neoplastic growth. Hyperestrogenemia, characteristic for the myoma development, is one of the reasons for NO synthesis activation, which, in the oxidative stress, is transformed into cytotoxic peroxinitrite, contributing to further intensification of an oxidative stress and malignant transformation of tissues.