Marking fin spine of juvenile sturgeon (Acipenseriformes: Acipenseridae) using oxytetracycline and the comparing of growth performance / [Marcação da espinha da nadadeira de esturjão juvenil (Acipenseriformes: Acipenseridae) usando-se oxitetraciclina e comparação do desempenho de crescimento]

This study aimed to describe and validate the formation of the rings in the spine of the pectoral fin and to determine the coherence of the OTC mark with the rings of three species of Caspian Sea sturgeon, the Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus), the Starry sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) and Ship sturgeon (Acipenser nudiventris). Validation was achieved by comparing the total radius of the fin spine of fish of known age after one and two years of growth with the measured radius of the first and second rings in the zone. There was no overlap between the measured radius for the first year and the increase for the second. The Ship sturgeon showed the largest width of the second ring followed by the Persian sturgeon and Stellate sturgeon. The results indicate that the highest growth parameter belongs to the juvenile Ship sturgeon. This research showed that chemically marking the fin spines of juvenile Acipenseridae leads to unbiased estimates and contributes to the knowledge of the population dynamics of these species. The study found that the combination of the dial ring of the pectoral fin spine with growth validated the age estimation in juvenile sturgeon Ship, Persian, and Starry sturgeon.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever e validar a formação dos anéis na espinha da nadadeira peitoral de três espécies de esturjão do mar Cáspio: o esturjão-persa (Acipenser persicus), o esturjão-estrelado (Acipenser stellatus) e o esturjão-de-navio (Acipenser nudiventris), bem como determinar a coerência da marca OTC com os anéis dessas três espécies. A validação foi alcançada comparando-se o raio total da espinha da nadadeira de peixes de idade conhecida, após um e dois anos de crescimento, com o raio medido do primeiro e segundo anéis na zona. Não houve sobreposição entre o raio medido no primeiro ano e o aumento no segundo. O esturjão-de-navio mostrou a maior largura do segundo anel, seguido pelo esturjão-persa e pelo esturjão-estrelado. Os resultados indicam que o maior parâmetro de crescimento pertence ao esturjão-de-navio juvenil. Esta pesquisa mostrou que a marcação química dos espinhos das nadadeiras de juvenis de Acipenseridae leva a estimativas imparciais e contribui para o conhecimento da dinâmica populacional dessas espécies. O estudo descobriu que a combinação do anel do mostrador da barbatana peitoral espinhal com o crescimento validou a estimativa de idade em esturjão-de-navio juvenil, esturjão-persa e esturjão-estrelado.(AU)

Pigmentation of Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) using Aztec marigold (Tagetes erecta) extracts as the carotenoid source.

Pacific white shrimp were fed diets containing natural pigments from Aztec marigold (Tagetes erecta) petals extracts (esterified and saponified). The pigmenting effect of these carotenoids was compared with a carotenoid-free control diet and a synthetic astaxanthin (Roche Carophyll Pink) supplemented diet. It was found that after 14 days of feeding, the shrimp showed that the saponified marigold extract and the high concentration esterified marigold extract supplemented diets produced a better pigmentation effect (between 50-70%) in the exoskeleton than the astaxanthin, the low concentration esterified marigold extract and the basal diets, the latter diets being non-significantly different among themselves. However, during the same 14 day period, non-significantly different results were observed in the carotenoid content of the shrimp abdominal muscle when fed with all diets except the low concentration esterified marigold extract diet that showed a significantly lower value than the saponified marigold extract diet. These results indicate that the main carotenoid sources in Tagetes erecta, namely lutein and zeaxanthin, are possibly metabolized into astaxanthin and deposited by the Pacific white shrimp.

Pigmentation of Pacific white shrimp (penaeus vannamei) using aztec marigold (tagetes erecta) extracts as the carotenoid source / Pigmentación del camaron blanco del Pacífico (penaeus vannamei) utilizando extractos de flor de cempasúchil (tagetes erecta) como fuente de carotenoides

Pacific white shrimp were fed diets containing natural pigments from Aztec marigold (Tagetes erecta) petals extracts (esterified and saponified). The pigmenting effect of these carotenoid free control diet and a synthetic astaxanthin (Roche Carophyll Pink) supplemented diet. It was found that after 14 days of feeding, the shrimp showed that the saponified marigold extract and the high concentration esterified marigold extract supplemented dists produced a better pigmentation effect (between 50-70) in the exoskeleton than the astaxanthin, the low concentration esterified marigold extract and the basal diets, the latter diets being non-significanthy different among themselves. However, during the same 14 day period, non-significanthy different results were observed in the carotenoid content of the shrimp abdominal muscle when fed with all diets except the low concentration esterified marigold extract diet that showed a significanthy lower value than the saponified marigold extract diet. These results indicate that the main caroteid sources in Tagetes erecta, namely lutein and zeaxanthin, are possibly metabolized into astaxanthin and deposited by the Pacific white shrimp

[Bioassay of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) pigmentation using ancho chili (Capsicum annuum) extracts]. / Bioensayo de pigmentación de trucha arcoiris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) con extractos de chile ancho (Capsicum annuum).

Farming of trout requires a finishing diet containing pigments such as astaxanthin and canthaxanthin so that they may achieve a pink tissue coloration similar to that of wild trout. The production of synthetic pigments is not enough so that the requirements of the aquaculture industry are not met, besides having a high cost. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the deposition of saponified and esterified chili (Capsicum annuum) extracts in the skin and muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiis). The experiment consisted of three treatments with the inclusion in the finishing diet of saponified and esterified chili extracts and of astaxanthin, respectively. Each treatment was carried out with 150 organisms with an average weight of a 150 g and done in duplicate. The results showed that both the saponified and esterified chili extracts pigmented the skin and muscle of rainbow trout, although the pigmentation effect was less red than that produced by the astaxanthin control.