ABSTRACT
Chromobronchoscopy was first used in treatment of 37 burned patients with inhalation injuries for better visual manifestation of the injuries of the tracheobronchial tree mucosa. The trachea and bronchi mucosa was irrigated with a viral stain--0.25% aqueous solution of methylene blue. The intensity of staining the mucosa in light blue colour showed the true limits and depth of the injury. Resulting from the clinico-endoscopic examinations supplemented with findings of chromobronchoscopy, cytological and bacteriological analyses, a working classification of inhalation injuries in burned people was developed which allowed the adequate methods of local treatment during fiber bronchoscopy to be worked out taking into account the degree of thermochemical injuries of the respiratory pathways. It resulted in 19.7% lower lethality of burned patients.
Subject(s)
Bronchoscopy/methods , Burns, Inhalation/diagnosis , Burns, Inhalation/therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Burns, Inhalation/classification , Female , Humans , Male , Methylene Blue , Middle Aged , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Bronchofibroscopic bronchial examination detected inflammation-induced changes in the bronchi in the form of mucosal thickening (edema), small masses of the sputum and occasional hyperemia in the majority of the examinees with bronchial asthma. In combination with bronchoalveolar lavage, bronchofibroscopy provides diagnosis of bronchial hyperreactivity basing on determination of segmentary bronchial stenosis in response to salt solution instillation. The degree of this stenosis can evidence the degree of hyperreactivity of the bronchi. Bronchofibroscopic signs of bronchial hyperreactivity appear more distinctly in asthma aggravations, in severe run of the disease, in pronounced inflammation.
Subject(s)
Asthma/diagnosis , Bronchial Hyperreactivity/diagnosis , Bronchitis/diagnosis , Bronchoscopy , Adolescent , Adult , Anesthesia, Local , Asthma/physiopathology , Bronchoscopes , Bronchoscopy/methods , Female , Fiber Optic Technology/instrumentation , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Multifocal squamous cell carcinoma in the bronchus of the anterior segment of the right lung and in the subsegmental bronchus of the posterior subsegment of the left upper lobe was diagnosed in a 61-year-old man. The right-sided upper lobectomy followed by Nd:YAG laser photocoagulation of the superficial cancer in the left side resulted in total eradication of the tumor. Subsequent follow-up examinations for three years have revealed no relapse of tumor growth.
Subject(s)
Bronchial Neoplasms/surgery , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery , Light Coagulation/methods , Bronchoscopy , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Detection of mast cells in the liquid of bronchoalveolar lavage is made with the aid of staining with alcyane blue after fixation of the cytologic preparations in vapors of 40% formalin. In healthy persons, the content of mast cells in bronchial lavage constitutes 0.4-0.1%, in the majority of patients with bronchial asthma, 0.06-3.3%, and in some patients with sarcoidosis, 0.04-1.07%.
Subject(s)
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/cytology , Lung Diseases/diagnosis , Mast Cells/pathology , Adolescent , Adult , Asthma/diagnosis , Asthma/pathology , Cell Count , Humans , Lung Diseases/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Sarcoidosis/diagnosis , Sarcoidosis/pathologyABSTRACT
A study of the results of repeated diagnostic bronchoalveolar lavage in 27 patients with idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis (IFA) has shown that the investigation of cellular composition of the bronchoalveolar content (BAC) made it possible to specify IFA activity and its therapy-related change. Normalization or a decrease below 6% of the neutrophil content in BAC was typical of achieving low activity and remission of disease. A relatively high count of neutrophils in BAC (over 10%) during therapy was observed in preserved significant IFA activity resistant to drug therapy.
Subject(s)
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/cytology , Pulmonary Fibrosis/diagnosis , Adult , Biopsy , Bronchoscopy , Chronic Disease , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Humans , Leukocyte Count , Lung/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Pulmonary Fibrosis/drug therapy , Pulmonary Fibrosis/pathologySubject(s)
Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Diagnostic Errors , Female , Humans , Pulmonary Fibrosis/diagnosisABSTRACT
Total pulmonary lavage through a two-lumen intubation tube is an effective method for therapy of alveolar proteinosis ensuring the removal of alveolar proteopexy and improving respiratory function.
Subject(s)
Lung , Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis/therapy , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Therapeutic Irrigation/instrumentation , Therapeutic Irrigation/methodsABSTRACT
Analysis of the results of the diagnostic bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in 108 patients has shown that based on the study of the cellular composition of the bronchoalveolar washing (BAW) one can form a judgment about the activity of chronic bronchitis and disseminated processes in the lungs. In individual patients, the cytological examination of the BAW permits detecting the characteristic cell elements (hemosiderophages, tumor cells) and verifying the pattern of the disseminated process in the lungs.
Subject(s)
Bronchi/pathology , Lung Diseases/diagnosis , Pneumonia/diagnosis , Pulmonary Alveoli/pathology , Adolescent , Adult , Bronchoscopy , Diagnosis, Differential , Eosinophils/pathology , Fiber Optic Technology , Humans , Lymphocytes/pathology , Middle Aged , Neutrophils/pathology , Therapeutic IrrigationSubject(s)
Bronchitis/pathology , Lysosomes/enzymology , Macrophages/ultrastructure , Neutrophils/ultrastructure , Pulmonary Alveoli/pathology , Pulmonary Fibrosis/pathology , Acetylglucosaminidase/metabolism , Acid Phosphatase/metabolism , Adult , Cathepsin D/metabolism , Endopeptidases/metabolism , Humans , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Bronchography , Pneumonia/diagnostic imaging , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Adult , Bronchitis/diagnosis , Bronchoscopy , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Lung/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Pneumonia/pathologyABSTRACT
On the basis of an analysis of results of studying 541 patients with lung cancer the authors consider that bronchoscopy can diagnose the central lung cancer practically in all the patients including the early stages of the disease before the development of changes in the lungs on roentgenograms. The histological verification of the peripheral lung cancer of the root and median zones is ensured in 77% of patients by bronchofibroscopy under local anesthesia with the transbronchial peripheral forcepts and brush biopsy under the roentgen and TV control. Bronchological diagnosis of cancer of the subpleural zone still remains less effective.
Subject(s)
Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Biopsy/methods , Bronchography , Bronchoscopy , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Lung Diseases/diagnosis , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Male , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Bronchoscopy , Lung Diseases/diagnosis , Lung/pathology , Adolescent , Adult , Biopsy/adverse effects , Biopsy/methods , Bronchoscopy/methods , Child , Child, Preschool , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Male , Middle Aged , RadiographyABSTRACT
A comparative evaluation of diagnostic value of bronchioscopy was carried out by means of different models of rigid bronchoscopes and a bronchofibroscope in 356 patients with central cancer of the lung. Rigid bronchoscopes offer considerable advantages in diagnosing cancer of primary and lobular bronchi. Application of optical telescopes with rod-type lenses and flexible optical forceps increased the diagnostic efficiency of rigid bronchoscopes. Bronchofibroscopy improved the results of diagnosis of cancer of segmental bronchus.
