ABSTRACT
A rapid and simple chemical synthesis of poly(2-aminothiophenol)silver (P2ATP-Ag) nanocomposite using conductive and electroactive silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is reported. The AgNPs was synthesized by chemical reduction method using trisodium citrate as reducing agent and poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) as stabilizing agent. P2ATP-Ag nanocomposite was synthesized by using potassium peroxodisulphate as oxidant and the samples were characterized. The presence of AgNPs in the composite was confirmed from UV-Vis, FTIR and X-ray diffraction studies. Morphology of the P2ATP and its composite were investigated by SEM. HR-TEM images show spherical, trigonal and rod like morphologies with sizes of Ag nanoparticles and its composite. Thermal analysis revealed that the thermal stability of the P2ATP-Ag nanocomposite is improved when compared with pure P2ATP. The synthesized AgNPs, pure P2ATP and P2ATP-Ag nanocomposite were screened for antibacterial activity test against human pathogen such as Gram positive (Bacillus subtilis, ATCC-6051) and Gram negative (Vibrio cholerae, ATCC-14035), carried out by agar-well diffusion method at micro molar concentration. The result shows that P2ATP-Ag nanocomposite has excellent antibacterial activity due to the presence of Ag nanoparticles. The electrical conductivity of the P2ATP-Ag nanocomposite is better than that of pure P2ATP. The reported nanocomposite will be a potential material for electrocatalysis, sensors and biomedical applications.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry , Polymers/chemistry , Silver/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemical synthesis , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacillus subtilis/drug effects , Electric Conductivity , Humans , Metal Nanoparticles/toxicity , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , X-Ray DiffractionABSTRACT
Eruption of a tooth into a nonoral environs is rare. Ectopic eruption of the tooth into the nasal cavity and chin has been reported before. This is a report of an ectopic third molar tooth in the roof of the maxillary sinus, which has not, to our knowledge, been reported before.
Subject(s)
Maxillary Sinus , Tooth Eruption, Ectopic/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Humans , Male , Radiography , Risk Factors , Tooth Eruption, Ectopic/epidemiology , Tooth Eruption, Ectopic/surgeryABSTRACT
The University Science Malaysia, Penang, the third medical school in Malaysia, is following an integrated curriculum. In this curriculum, the students are taught the subject of otolaryngology from the second year of their course unlike the traditional schools where they are taught in the fourth or fifth year. This paper describes how otolaryngology is introduced in this integrated, problem-based curriculum.
Subject(s)
Curriculum , Education, Medical/methods , Otolaryngology/education , Clinical Medicine/education , Humans , Malaysia , Problem Solving , Schools, Medical/trendsABSTRACT
Impaction of food usually occurs in patients having obstructive lesions of the oesophagus. The food bolus impaction normally occurs in patients older than 60 years of age. Though food bolus impaction in the oesophagus is not uncommon, food bolus in the oesophagus causing complete obstruction resulting in total dysphagia is rare. This is a case report of a woman who had complete obstruction of the oesophagus following impaction by a piece of meat. The various treatment modalities available for such a condition are discussed.
Subject(s)
Esophageal Stenosis/diagnostic imaging , Esophagus/diagnostic imaging , Food , Aged , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Esophageal Stenosis/complications , Female , Humans , RadiographyABSTRACT
Yaws is an infectious, non-venereal disease of the tropical countries, which is caused by Treponema pertenue. Gangosa and goundou were seen commonly in cases of yaws in Africa, particularly in the early part of this century. After successful WHO mass treatment campaigns, these conditions are rarely seen now. A case of yaws with gangosa, goundou, and a nasopharyngeal carcinoma is presented here for its rarity.
