ABSTRACT
This analysis of nearly 10,000 hospital-associated urinary tract infection (UTI) episodes due to Escherichia coli showed that fluoroquinolone and third-generation-cephalosporin resistance rates were 34.5% and 8.6%, respectively; the rate of concurrent resistance to both agents was 7.3%. Fluoroquinolone resistance rates exceeded 25% regardless of geographic location or hospital characteristics. The findings suggest that fluoroquinolones should be reserved and third-generation cephalosporins be used with caution as empirical agents for hospitalized patients with UTIs due to E. coli.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Fluoroquinolones/therapeutic use , Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Cephalosporin Resistance/genetics , Child , Child, Preschool , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Escherichia coli Infections/drug therapy , Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology , Female , Hospitals/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Risk Factors , Urinary Tract Infections/microbiology , Young AdultABSTRACT
The in vitro activities of ceftolozane-tazobactam, meropenem, and metronidazole were determined against anaerobic organisms isolated from patients with complicated intraabdominal infections (cIAI) in global phase III studies. Ceftolozane-tazobactam activity was highly variable among different species of the Bacteroides fragilis group, with MIC90 values ranging from 2 to 64 µg/ml. More-potent in vitro activity was observed against selected Gram-positive anaerobic organisms; however, small numbers of isolates were available, and, therefore, the clinical significance of these results is unknown. Variable activity of ceftolozane-tazobactam against anaerobic organisms necessitates use in combination with metronidazole for the treatment of cIAI.
