¿Es la ultradistancia saludable? estudio descriptivo observacional de una cohorte de corredores de ultradistancia / Is ultradistance healthy? a descriptive observational study of a cohort formed by ultradistance runners

Objetivo: Describir las características físicas y fisiológicas de un grupo de corredores de ultradistancia, comparar sus hábitos de entrenamiento con las directrices establecidas por la OMS y estudiar las posibles consecuencias lesivas del alto volumen de ejercicio físico realizado. Material y método: Muestra compuesta por corredores que repitieron participación en las carreras de ultradistancia Ehunmilak de 2017 y 2018. Se analizaron datos recogidos mediante los informes médicos de la carrera y un cuestionario creado específicamente para este estudio. Para el análisis de variables, se utilizaron las pruebas de U de Mann-Whitney y Chi-cuadrado, con un intervalo de confianza del 95%. Un valor de p <0,05 fue considerado estadísticamente significativo. Resultados: Se observó baja prevalencia de varios factores de riesgo conocidos (HTA 1,8%, DM 0%, dislipemia 0-1,8%, tabaquismo 5,3-10,5%, sobrepeso 17,5%). Durante los dos últimos años, el 0% sufrió lesiones cardiovasculares y el 52,6% lesiones musculoesqueléticas. Los exámenes médicos son realizados con frecuencia, cada año por el 91,2%. El 72% cumplió con las últimas recomendaciones de la OMS en cuanto a volumen de ejercicio físico. Por último, no se encontró relación entre los parámetros que indican gran volumen de ejercicio físico y el resultado del ECG. Lo mismo ocurrió con las lesiones musculoesqueléticas, aunque en este caso se observaron relaciones significativas con el IMC (p=0,004) y la intensidad del entrenamiento (p=0,009). Conclusiones: Se observó que el grupo de corredores estudiado goza de buena salud y que sus hábitos de entrenamiento son correctos, acorde a las últimas recomendaciones de la OMS. Además, sus características y hábitos de entrenamiento no mostraron relación con el riesgo de desarrollar un ECG patológico o de sufrir lesiones musculoesqueléticas, exceptuando la relación significativa que mostraron el IMC y la intensidad del entrenamiento con estas últimas.(AU)

Objective: To describe the physical and physiological characteristics of a group formed by ultra-distance runners, to compare their training habits with the guidelines established by the WHO and to study the possible harmful consequences of the high volume of physical activity performed. Material and method: The sample was formed by runners who repeated their participation in the “Ehunmilak” ultra-distance race in 2017 and 2018. Data collected through the medical certificates of the race and an own questionnaire were analyzed. For the analysis of variables, the Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square tests were used, with a 95% confidence interval. A value of p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A low prevalence of several well known risk factors was observed (HT 1.8%, DM 0%, dyslipidemia 0-1.8%, smoking 5.3-10.5%, overweight 17.5%). During the last two years, 0% suffered cardiovascular injuries and 52.6% suffered musculoskeletal injuries. Medical examinations were performed frequently, each year by 91.2%. 72% complied with the latest WHO recommendations regarding volume of physical activity. Finally, no relationship was found between the parameters that indicate a high volume of physical exercise and the ECG result. The same occurred with musculoskeletal injuries, although in this case significant relationships were observed with BMI (p = 0.004) and training intensity (p = 0.009). Conclusions: It was observed that the group of runners studied is in good health and that their training habits are correct, according to the latest WHO recommendations. In addition, their characteristics and training habits did not show a relationship with the risk of developing a pathological ECG or suffering musculoskeletal injuries, except for the significant relationship that BMI and training intensity showed with the latter.(AU)

Creation and validation of the acute heart failure risk score: AHFRS.

Our aims were to create and validate a clinical decision rule to assess severity in acute heart failure. We conducted a prospective cohort study of patients with symptoms of acute heart failure who attended the emergency departments (EDs) of three hospitals between April 2011 and April 2013. The following data were collected on arrival to or during the stay in the ED: baseline severity of symptoms; presence of decompensated comorbidities; number of hospital admissions/visits to EDs for acute heart failure during the previous 24 months; triggers of the exacerbation; clinical signs and symptoms; results of ancillary tests requested in the ED; treatments prescribed; and response to the initial treatment in the ED. The main outcome was poor course during the acute phase, in-hospital for admitted patients and during the first week following the ED visit for discharged patients, this being a composite endpoint that included death, admission to an intensive care unit, need for invasive mechanical ventilation, cardiac arrest and use of non-invasive mechanical ventilation. Multivariate logistic regression models were developed. Predictors of poor course in acute heart failure were oedema on chest radiography, visits to the ED and/or admissions in the previous two years, and levels of glycemia and blood urea nitrogen (areas under the curve of 0.83 in the derivation sample, and 0.82 in the validation sample). Four clinical predictors available in the ED can be used to create a simple score to predict poor course in acute heart failure.Clinical Trials.gov ID: NCT02437058.