ABSTRACT
Objectives: The use of the chemotherapy agent doxorubicin (DOX) is associated with free radical formation that may lead to cardiotoxicity. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) are plant-based oil that is rich in antioxidants. This study examined the protective effects of VCO and EVOO combination to reduce DOX acute cardiotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five male rats (180-200 g) were divided into the following groups: Group I as a control, group II was given DOX i.p. injection of 25 mg/kg body weight (b.w.), group III to V received peroral administration of either VCO, EVOO or VCO-EVOO (1:1) combination at a dose of 10 mL/kg b.w. for 6 days before receiving DOX i.p. injection. After 24 hours from DOX injection, blood samples and organs were collected. Cardiac biomarkers, such as serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase-MB (CKMB) were analyzed followed by histopathological examination. Results: The administration of EVOO alone was found to reduce the marked elevation of SGOT, LDH, and CKMB levels in DOX-treated rats (p<0.05), while VCO administration only significantly reduced LDH and CKMB levels. However, when both oils were used in combination, the protective effect was shown to be more powerful since all cardiac biomarker levels were maintained at near-normal levels (p<0.05). Histopathological analysis showed a significant improvement in the myocardial tissue structures after pre-treatment with VCO-EVOO combination. Conclusion: The administration of VCO and EVOO in combination was superior to elicit protection against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity compared to their individual application in rats.
ABSTRACT
Side branch occlusion has been implicated as a complication after percutaneous coronary intervention in coronary bifurcation lesions. The role of carina bifurcation angle as one of the characteristics of the coronary bifurcation lesions in causing side branch occlusion after percutaneous coronary intervention is still debated. This study aims to assess the correlation between carina bifurcation angles as one of the characteristics of the coronary bifurcation lesions and side branch occlusion in elective percutaneous coronary intervention. This is a cross-sectional study which utilizes CAAS 5.1 software to measure carina bifurcation angle. We collected 113 lesions in 108 patients that met the inclusion criteria from January 2016 to October 2016. Side branch occlusion occurred in 15 lesions (13.3%), with median carina bifurcation angle 19.17 degrees ( p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed there is a correlation between carina bifurcation angle with side branch occlusion, OR (odds ratio) 0.86 (95% CI [confidence interval]: 0.80-0.92) with ≤ 33.71 degrees cut off value. Increased risk of side branch occlusion was found in small carina bifurcation angle.
