[Recombinant α-2 interferon in preventing the progression of melanoma].

A brief history of interferon application in the treatment of cutaneous melanoma is represented.

[Recombinant interleukin-2 (roncoleukin) in therapy of the patients with skin melanoma].

The article deals with a problem of combined use of interferon (laferon) and interleukin in patients with skin melanoma. Recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) was included into the worked-out scheme. Patients with primary-localized skin melanoma (T(2-4)N0M0) have been studied. Three groups were chosen. 901 patients of the control group underwent excision of tumor (e/t); 34 patients of the first study group (e/1) were given endolymphatic interferontherapy (ift); 35 patients of the second study group were subjected to excision of tumor followed by endolymphatic interferontherapy. One-year relapse-free survival among patients of the control group reached 57.6+/-1.6%, 1st study group--70.5+/-7.8% and 2nd study group--83.6+/-6.7%. Total one-year survival among patients of the control group was 92.1+/-0.9%, in the 1st study group--97.0+/-2.9%, in the 2nd study group--92.7+/-5.0%. Thus, the combined use of recombinant interferon (laferon and interleukin (ronkoleukin) in treatment schemes of malignant skin melanoma was proved to be perspective.

[Use of local magnitothermia in the treatment of patients with primary-confined skin melanoma]. / Opyt primeneniia lokal'noi magnitotermii pri lechenii bol'nykh s pervichno-ogranichennoi melanomoi kozhi.

We studied modifying potentialities of high temperatures in treatment regimens with adjuvant endolymphatic chemo- and interferontherapy of malignant melanoma of the skin. We had previously obtained enough evidence for expediency of adjuvant endolymphatic therapy of primary-localized melanoblastoma of the skin. Added to the preventive treatment regimens were sessions of local magnetothermia. The study was done in patients diagnosed as having primary-localized melanoma of the skin T(2-4) No Mo. A 3-year recurrence-free survival in the control group was (38.2 +/- 1.6)%, in the first study group--(54.2 +/- 5.8)%, in the second study group--(44.3 +/- 13.5)%. The general 3-year survival in the control group was (67.7 +/- 1.5)%, in the first study group--(70.8 +/- 5.5)%, in the second one--(91.7 +/- 5.7)%. In this way, the expediency has been proved of employment of local magnetothermia in treatment regimens to deal with malignant melanoma of the skin.

[Long-term results of treatment of patients with bone tumors using hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphate ceramic implants]. / Viddaleni rezul'taty likuvannia khvorykh z pukhlynamy kistok z vikorystanniam keramichnykh implantativ na osnovi gidroksylapatytu ta trykal'tsiifosfatu.

On the basis of experimental-and-clinical investigations it has been found out that the home-produced hydroxylapatite (HA)- and tricalciumphosphate(TCP)-based ceramic material is capable owing to specificities of its chemical structure and osteoinductive action of stimulating the reparative osteogenesis and is accompanied by angiogenesis. No ill effects have been noted in its use in bone plastic surgery. An apparent clinical effect has been shown to occur in postsurgical patients (n = 120) presenting with giant cell tumour, benign tumours and tumour-like affections of the bones, with the expediency having been ascertained of employment of the HA- and TCP-base ceramic material in the treatment of the above patients. The use of the above materials implants versus allotransplants promotes decline in the percentage of complications (1.66 vs 27.2), shortening of time of medical rehabilitation of patients by two to three months as compared to allotransplantation as well as hospital stay duration (by 10 to 12 days).

[Experimental studies on the effect of ceramic materials on cellular and humoral immunity]. / Eksperymental'ni doslidzhennia vplyvu keramichnogo materialu na reaktsiï klitynnogo ta gumoral'nogo imunitetu.

It has been established in an experimental setting in laboratory animals through testing a number of reactions such as active skin anaphylaxis reaction, mast cell degranulation reaction, specific leucocyte lysis reaction, delayed hypersensitivity reaction, and graft-versus-host reaction that ceramic preparations hydroxilapatite M and osteogel-7 have no sensitizing effects; osteogel-7 is not endowed with immunomodulating activity, which fact suggests to us its immunological inertness.

[Fast neutrons in the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas]. / Bystrye neitrony pri lechenii sarkom miagkikh tkanei.

Results of treatment of 101 cases of soft tissue sarcoma are presented in the paper. Preoperative irradiation technique and radical program of treatment are described. Combined radiation and surgical treatment was given to 45 patients whereas conservative--to 56. Sixty-three cases received adjuvant combination chemotherapy. Response and three-year survival rates were compared to those in control group treated by photons. The results observed in patients of combined and conservative treatment groups who had been irradiated with fast neutrons proved significantly better than in controls. These data suggest vistas in application of fast neutron irradiation for the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas.

[The combination treatment of malignant bone tumors using fast neutrons]. / Kombinirovannoe lechenie zlokachestvennykh novoobrazovanii kostei s ispol'zovaniem bystrykh neitronov.

The study deals with results of a clinical trial evaluating treatment efficacy of a 6 MeV neutron beam produced by Y-120 cyclotron (Kiev). Procedures of preoperative radiotherapy and radical treatment are discussed. Radiotherapy was administered to 52 patients suffering chondrosarcoma (30 cases), osteogenic sarcoma (15) or chordoma (7). Combined treatment (radiation + surgery) was given to 22 patients whereas neutron beam therapy--to 30. All patients with osteogenic sarcoma received adjuvant combination chemotherapy. Three-year survival rate was compared to that observed in controls in whom combined treatment had included gamma-therapy. A significant increase in three-year survival rate was observed for osteogenic sarcoma and chordoma whereas for chondrosarcoma the improvement in survival proved insignificant. The use of fast neutrons in combined treatment of bone tumors was considered promising.

[Modifying effect of the blood serum from patients with soft-tissue sarcomas on interleukin-2 production and activity]. / Modifitsiruiushchee vliianie syvorotki krovi bol'nykh sarkomami miagkikh tkanei na produktsiiu i aktivnost' interleikina-2.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) production by lymphocytes of a peripheral blood (LPB) in patients with soft tissue sarcomas is considerably lower in comparison with that in donors. Autological serum had either suppressive or stimulative effect on LPB IL-2 production in the observed patients. The investigated serum affected LPB of donors in the same way. Serum of patients with soft tissue sarcomas had the same dual effect on the ability of the active drug IL-2 to proliferate human T-lymphoblasts. Moreover serum-inhibitors of production acted as IL-2 activity stimulators, while serum-stimulators of IL-2 production inhibited the mediator effects.

[Isolation of viable human tumor cells and their characteristics during culturing in diffusion chambers]. / Poluchenie zhiznesposobnykh opukholevykh kletok cheloveka i ikh kharakteristika pri kul'tivirovanii v diffuzionnykh kamerakh.

Methodical approaches for obtaining the viable tumour cells from solid human tumours are developed. Combination of the short-term enzymatic treatment of the tumour tissue pieces and their gradual rubbing through the metal sieve with the decreasing pore sizes permitted obtaining a large number of isolated tumour cells with the high percentage of viability.

[Production of interleukin-2 by peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with soft tissue sarcomas]. / Produktsiia interleikina-2 limfotsitami perifericheskoi krovi bol'nykh sarkomami miagkikh tkanei.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) production of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) was studied in 9 healthy subjects and 19 patients with soft tissue sarcomas. Mean IL-2 production by PBL in 19 patients was significantly diminished as compared with the control. Surgery leads to an increase of IL-2 production, however, the levels observed in the control do not restore completely.

[Effect of interleukin-2 on the growth of malignant soft tissue tumor explants in diffusion chambers]. / Vliianie interleikina-2 na rost éksplantatov zlokachestvennykh opukholei miagkikh tkanei v diffuzionnykh kamerakh.

Interleukin-2 is studied for its effect on proliferation of cultured tumour cells in vivo and on the nature of infiltration of malignant tumours explants of human soft tissues. On the basis of spheroid formation phenomenon and a number of morphological criteria three main types of reaction differing in inhibition or stimulation of the tumour growth, time of formation and the number of spheroids formed, manifestation of lymphocytic infiltration and nature of lymphocytes location on the filter have been distinguished.