Association of Periodontal Red Complex Bacteria With the Incidence of Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Porphyromonas gingivalis is the primary microbe in the "periodontal red complex" bacteria (PRCB) along with Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola, which are linked to periodontal disease (PD). These pathogens are also implicated in various systemic disorders, but their association with the incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is less explored. A systematic review followed by a meta-analysis was conducted as per standard guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2022) to find this association between GI cancers and PRCB after a literature search for full-text papers in the English language (between 2010 and 2023) in databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science) with suitable keywords using the Boolean search strategy. Data extraction involved titles, abstracts, and full texts retrieved and scored by the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The data were analyzed by the Review Manager (RevMan 5.2, Cochrane Collaboration, Denmark). Standard Cochran Q test and I2 statistics (for heterogeneity) and a random effects model (pooled OR with 95% CI) were applied to report results. P. gingivalis among the PRCB was linked to GI cancers (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.34-3.47). T. forsythia and T. denticola did not show meaningful associations as per existing evidence for GI cancers.

Congenital granular cell tumor in a 2-day-old infant-An unusual situation of a dental emergency.

Congenital granular cell tumor (CGCT) in newborns is a rare tumor occurring in the oral cavity, leading to difficulty in breast-feeding, mouth closure, and even respiration. This is rarely diagnosed perinatally and may be confused with a wide range of congenital, benign, or malignant growths during the clinical examination. The CGCT may be studied by ultrasonography to get a positive affirmation on the clinical diagnosis and, for basic pre-surgical guidance before excision. A histological study is needed to provide a final diagnosis and rule out any possible aggressive tumors. The report highlights the role of dental surgeons and clinical pathologists in providing prompt primary care for an unusual pediatric swelling under rural Indian settings.

Oral fixed drug eruptions to mefenamic acid - adverse drug reaction to over the counter medication taken for menstrual pain.

The reports on adverse drug reactions(ADR) to self-medication or over-the-counter medication are common across medical literature. However, the occurrence of oral fixed drug eruptions (FDE) to mefenamic acid is unique. We report a case of FDE to a drug obtained over the counter for menstrual pain. The essential findings from history, oral/dental examination, diagnostic approach, and treatment are briefly discussed along with a note on time and dosing for the oral drug provocation tests. The occurrence of ADR may be avoided by spreading awareness against OTC medication and labeling the specific drug for patients with established ADR.

Association of Alzheimer's disease and periodontitis - a systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence from observational studies.

The relationship between periodontitis (or periodontal disease) with Alzheimer's disease has been reported by various primary sources in the past decade, but not with a solid secondary research statement. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and registered (Reference number: CRD42020185264) with PROSPERO (International prospective register for systematic reviews). A literature search was conducted on specific databases for suitable articles in English language. Out of 612 studies selected, 41 underwent full-text analysis; five studies were eligible for systematic review, and 3 for meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was performed with tests for sensitivity and statistical heterogeneity followed by calculation of summary effect measures in terms of odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The results of this review showed a significant association between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease in the meta-analysis [OR 1.67 (1.21-2.32)].

Impacted Fish Bone in Buccal Space Associated with an Abscess: Role of Point-of-care Ultrasonography in Dental Emergencies.

Fish bone impaction in buccal space abscess is an uncommon dental scenario. A case of young adult with partially edentulous state contributing to this emergency is presented. The history, clinical imaging findings, surgical procedure, and checklist for clinical assessment are briefly described. The point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) was used in our case to identify, locate, and perform an ultrasonography-guided removal of impacted fish bone in consolidated abscess of the buccal space. The role of POCUS in cases of dental swellings or uncommon emergencies is emphasized in clinical settings.

The Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Effects of CT Scan on Buccal Epithelial Cells.

BACKGROUND: Diagnostic radiation is reported to cause significant damage in buccal cells, while the same effects after natural cell turn over cycle were not checked for in previous studies. The buccal cells were studied in patients exposed to computed tomography (CT) scans for evaluating the cells with micronuclei and cytotoxic changes, namely, pyknotic cells, karyorrhectic cells and karyolytic cells. The pre-exposure counts were compared with postexposure counts on 10 and 20 days corresponding to first and second cell turnover cycles. AIM: The aim of this study is to estimate the counts of micronucleus and cytotoxic changes in buccal cells post-exposure to CT scans and report on variance of the same with first and second buccal cell turnover cycles. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an observational study, wherein the buccal smears of patients undergoing CT scans were made before and after CT scan exposures as needed. Papanicolaou (PAP) staining and analysis were performed as per standard criteria for micronuclear and cytotoxic changes, respectively. Statistical test used was paired t-tests. RESULTS: The micronuclear counts revealed 0.4% positive cells before exposure and 1.4% positive cells post 10 days and 20 days of exposure were significant (P < 0.005). The cytotoxic changes showed around 2.5% positive cells before and 5.7% positive cells 10 days after CT exposure (P < 0.005). The cytotoxic cell values from baseline to 20th day were not significant (P < 0.25). CONCLUSION: CT scans have caused genotoxic effects notable after two cell turnover cycles but the cytotoxic changes have significantly decreased naturally after 2nd cell turnover as per our study.