[Post cards filing and x-rays; a handsome contribution to the history of radiology]. / Cartophile et radiations: une contribution appreciable a l'histoire de la radiologie.

Such a surprising collection points out that every step towards radiological improvement was fully illustrated by a lot of post cards showing public stance about progress into that speciality. From the onset, inquisitiveness of mind and believing to wonderful results due to unseen rays prevailed. Next, came into sight the usefulness of x-rays for diseased people and, during the 1914-1918 war a better chance to save wounded soldiers fated to surgery. Further back than W.W.II, everyone was full of admiration for the great success of radiology facing to tuberculosis, a real plague in those times! Since 1945, post cards displayed the amazing growth of x-rays apparatus. Then, at last, a part from rare outstanding pictures intended to promote modern radiological sets, it remains only few funny post cards about that theme; and no one with regard to recent discovery as Scanner or M.R.I.

La radiologie est entree avant l'electricite dans les hopitaux de Paris. / [Radiology existed in Paris hospitals before electricity]

The paper looks at the period from 1896 to the beginning of the 20th century and uses as example the installation of radiological equipment by Antoine Beclere, at his own cost, in his department of medicine at the Hopital Tenon, and later at the Hopital Saint-Antoine. The important role of Antoine Beclere in French radiology is recalled as well as his visionary concept of the medical applications of X-rays. The solutions found to ensure the running of the indispensable high tension generators in the two hospitals without electricity are evoked: first, a hand operated electrostatic machine, then an induction coil energized by an accumulator battery that had to be recharched outside. At the end of 1899 at Saint-Antoine, the situation is improved by the decision of the "Conseil de Surveillance" (the Safety Committee) to hook up the radiological equipment to the dynamos which produces electricity for the maternity ward. The problem is definitively solved in 1904, eight years after the first radiological examinations, by the construction of an electric power plant in the hospital. An overview of the electricity available in the Paris region at that time, with the multiplicity of electric power plants, and the great variety of currents provided, largely explains why the hospitals hesitated to use those services. Finally, diverse solutions adopted by other hospitals using radiology are examined, which include the uniting of radiology and photography departments run by "radiographers" who were not physicians, such as A. Londe at the Hopital La Salpetriere, G. Contremoulins at Necker, and Ch. Vaillant at Beaudelocque. In conclusion, the author explains why Antoine Beclere is chosen to illustrate this presentation. His name has been left to posterity because of his considerable accomplishments, which led to French diagnostic and therapeutic radiology being recognized as a medical speciality. His teaching of French and foreign physicians and his seminal work in the field earned him an international reputation and numerous honors. A hospital of the "Assistance Publique a Paris" now bears his name.

[The first 25 years of digestive radiology]. / Les 25 premières années de la radiologie digestive.

The first medical radiological attempts used the natural contrasts of the human body: bones of the limbs, intra-alveolar air of the lung; but as regards the abdomen, one could only observe gases or eventually calcified calculi. Whence the idea of a product opaque to the X-rays, not toxic, in order to obtain an internal cast of the various segments of the digestive tractus, making them thus visible by radiology. After little demonstrative trials of opaque sounds and capsules containing opacifying substances, there was an orientation towards the bismuth salts: sub-nitrate and carbonate generally used as therapeutical agents. In all the countries, engineers and physicians thrived to fit the equipment and experiment techniques of serial radiographies. Rieder, a radiologist from Munich perfected in 1905 the "meal" wearing his name (gruel of food and bismuth salts) adapted nearly everywhere. The radiological technology developed itself accordingly, creating progressively performant material. Finally, Paul Krause from Bonn and his team preconized in 1910 the use of insoluble baryum sulfate in watery suspension of which the purification was from now on assured. This product will be universaly used as a "gruel" or a "baryted milk" for the aesophago-gastro-duodenal transit and as a baryted enema for the examination of the colon.

[The labrum acetabular. Apropos of 121 arthrographies of the hip in adults]. / Le bourrelet cotyloïdien. A propos de 121 arthrographies de la hanche chez l'adulte.

The authors report a retrospective study of 121 arthrographies of the hip in adults, excluding prostheses. The study was based on normal pathological values for angular measurement of the labrum acetabular: ECB angle (mean value: 15 degrees) enlarging the lateral cover of the head of the femur, VCE angle (mean value: 30 degrees) and a mean global VCB angle of 45 degrees. A certain equilibrium was observed between the covering capacity of the acetabulum and the covering capacity of the labrum acetabular. Numerous anomalies of the labrum were observed, including fissures in about 30% of cases. A large number of fissures were associated with other degenerative anomalies of the hip joint. A few fissures resulting in detachment of a strip of labrum were isolated and the possibility of their traumatic etiology and their pathogenic nature in clinical symptoms are discussed.

[Lumboradiculalgia and calcified disk hernia]. / Lomboradiculalgie et hernie discale calcifiée.

In the context of a particular case report, the authors recall that calcified discs may be responsible for root pain, hyperalgic sciatica or lumbago. In the present case, the pain responded to intra-discal injection of long-acting corticosteroids. The authors compare this case to 10 other personal cases and 16 cases reported in the literature.

[Unilateral isthmic lysis in x-ray computed tomography]. / Lyse isthmique unilatérale en tomodensitométrie.

Condensing pediculolaminar hypertrophy of mechanical origin is known as "Dahu's sign". Dahu's sign corresponds to hypertrophy of the vertebral hemi-arch found by CT scan and leads to suspicion of controlateral lysis of the isthmus. It is the CT scan equivalent of vertebral "anisocorism" by conventional radiology.

[Notches of the acetabulum roof. Incidence: anatomoradiological correlation]. / Encoches du toit du cotyle. Fréquence: corrélation anatomoradiologique.

An unselected group of patients with rheumatoid affections presents radiologic evidence of a notch of acetabulum roof in about 20% of cases. The anatomic substratum of this variant is described and should be recognized to avoid a mistaken diagnosis of periarticular lacuna.

[The dural sheath in the sitting and standing position during saccoradiculography. Apropos of 150 cases]. / Etude du fourreau dural en position assise et debout au cours de la saccoradiculographie. A propos de 150 cas.

Lateral images were studied in the sitting and standing positions during a continuous series of 150 radiculographies, in patients presenting with a symptomatology suggestive of herniated disk or lumbar stenosis. In 67% of cases the dural sac was abnormally reduced at the level of the inter-somatic spaces, due to disk protrusion or intracanalar protrusion of posterior soft tissues. In 23% of cases, an absolute canalar stenosis with anterior-posterior decrease to less than 10 mn in the standing position existed. This was due in 65% of cases to an isolated or predominant posterior impression, the latter appearing in the standing position in only 55% of cases. Saccoradiculography is the only procedure allowing study of the dural cul-de-sac in the standing position. It should be carried out if a narrow lumbar canal is suspected clinically, even if investigations in the lying position, such as CT scan or MR imaging show normal canalar dimensions.

[Descending quasi-axial projection of the disk during discography. Principles]. / L'incidence quasi-axiale descendante du disque au cours de la discographie. Principes.

The authors describe a new view of the discography comparable to the axial CT imaging of the disc, so they used the name of "quasi-axial" view. They point the landmarks of this new picture.