ABSTRACT
Plants respond to adverse environmental cues by adjusting a wide variety of processes through highly regulated mechanisms to maintain plant homeostasis for survival. As a result of the sessile nature of plants, their response, adjustment and adaptation to the changing environment is intimately coordinated with their developmental programs through the crosstalk of regulatory networks. Germination is a critical process in the plant life cycle, and thus plants have evolved various strategies to control the timing of germination according to their local environment. The mechanisms involved in these adjustment responses are largely unknown, however. Here, we report that mutations in core elements of canonical RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) affect the germination and post-germination growth of Arabidopsis seeds grown under salinity stress. Transcriptomic and whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) analyses support the involvement of this pathway in the control of germination timing and post-germination growth under salinity stress by preventing the transcriptional activation of genes implicated in these processes. Subsequent transcriptional effects on genes that function in relation to these developmental events support this conclusion.
Subject(s)
Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics , Arabidopsis/physiology , Argonaute Proteins/genetics , DNA Methylation/physiology , Germination/physiology , Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism , Argonaute Proteins/metabolism , Gene Expression Regulation, Plant , Metabolic Networks and Pathways , Mutation , Plants, Genetically Modified , Salinity , Seedlings/growth & development , Whole Genome SequencingABSTRACT
Presentamos los resultados de un estudio retrospectivo sobre las adenopatías cervicales malignas de tumor primario aparentemente desconocido. De todos los pacientes que acudieron a nuestras consultas entre 1985 hasta 1995 con metástasis cervicales, solo 13 fueron etiquetados con este síndrome tras un estudio otorrinolaringológico completo. En 4 de los casos estudiados apareció el tumor primario durante el período de seguimiento. De forma que en solo 9 casos se trataba de una adenopatía maligna de origen desconocido. El tratamiento consistió en cirugía, radioterapia y quimioterapia asociadas. Solo 4 pacientes sobreviven al final del estudio. (AU)
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Biopsy, Needle/methods , Clinical Protocols , Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/diagnosis , Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/surgery , Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/drug therapy , Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/radiotherapy , Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases/diagnosis , Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases/complications , Radiography, Thoracic/methods , Tomography, Emission-Computed/methods , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/physiopathology , Neoplasms, Unknown Primary , Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/drug therapy , Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/radiotherapyABSTRACT
En toda cirugía que se realice puede ocurrir la yatrogenia incluso en las manos más expertas.Las lesiones en la cirugía del oído pueden afectar al oído interno, nervio facial, etc., nosotros en este artículo no vamos a referir únicamente a las posibles lesiones que pueden aparecer tanto en la membrana timpánica como en la cadena osicular durante la cirugía del oído. Expondremos algunos mecanismos por los que se pueden producir y posibilidades de reparación (AU)
