Light-driven photocatalysis as an effective tool for degradation of antibiotics.

Antibiotic contamination has become a severe issue and a dangerous concern to the environment because of large release of antibiotic effluent into terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. To try and solve these issues, a plethora of research on antibiotic withdrawal has been carried out. Recently photocatalysis has received tremendous attention due to its ability to remove antibiotics from aqueous solutions in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner with few drawbacks compared to traditional photocatalysts. Considerable attention has been focused on developing advanced visible light-driven photocatalysts in order to address these problems. This review provides an overview of recent developments in the field of photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics, including the doping of metals and non-metals into ultraviolet light-driven photocatalysts, the formation of new semiconductor photocatalysts, the advancement of heterojunction photocatalysts, and the building of surface plasmon resonance-enhanced photocatalytic systems.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) based photoredox catalysis in chemical transformations.

Photoredox catalysis has been explored for chemical reactions by irradiation of photoactive catalysts with visible light, under mild and environmentally benign conditions. Furthermore, this methodology permits the activation of abundant chemicals into valuable products through novel mechanisms that are otherwise inaccessible. In this context, MoS2 has drawn attention due to its excellent solar spectral response and its notable electrical, optical, mechanical and magnetic properties. MoS2 has a number of characteristic properties like tunable band gap, enhanced absorption of visible light, a layered structure, efficient photon electron conversion, good photostability, non-toxic nature and quantum confinement effects that make it an ideal photocatalyst and co-catalyst for chemical transformations. Recently, MoS2 has gained synthetic utility in chemical transformations. In this review, we will discuss MoS2 properties, structure, synthesis techniques, and photochemistry along with modifications of MoS2 to enhance its photocatalytic activity with a focus on its applications and future challenges.