[The role of hypoxic-hypercapnic training in reducing local protective factors of the lung in a chronic inflammatory process in bronchopulmonary tissue under experimental conditions]. / Rol' gipoksicheski-giperkapnicheskikh trenirovok v vosstanovlenii mestnykh zashchitnykh faktorov legkogo pri khronicheskom voxpalitel'nom protsesse v bronkholegochnoi tkani v éksperimente.

The effect of hypoxic-hypercapnic trainings (HHT), conducted before the induction of inflammation or started at next day after foreign body bringing, was shown in experiment on rats with chronic inflammation process in bronchopulmonary tissue. HHT conducted before the induction of inflammation in general had an favourable effect. HHT conducted later had a positive effect together with expressed negative changes, in particular worsening of inflammation process in lung.

[Effect of preoperative preparation on the state of the surfactant in chronic pneumonia]. / Vliianie predoperatsionnoi podgotovki na sostoianie surfaktanta u bol'nykh khronicheskoi pnevmoniei.

A complex of physico-chemical, biochemical and morphologic methods was used to study the surfactant state in resected lungs of 44 patients with chronic suppurative processes. A possibility of correction of some surface--active properties of the surfactant through the effect of the preoperative management with the use of intrapulmonary electrophoresis of antibiotics, hydrocortisone and heparin was established.

[Change in the antiradical activity of surfactant lipids during the development of nonspecific inflammatory processes in rabbit bronchopulmonary tissue]. / Izmenenie antiradikal'noi aktivnosti lipidov surfaktanta pri razvitii nespetsificheskogo vospalitel'nogo protsessa bronkholegochnoi tkani u krolikov.

Content of total lipids, phospholipids and cholesterol was estimated in surface-active fraction isolated from rabbit lungs. The surface activity and antiradical properties were decreased in the fraction simultaneously with a decrease in phospholipid contents in the course of development of inflammatory process in bronchopulmonary tissue. These data suggested that the antiradical activity, which is essential for protection of the surface-active fraction against free radical peroxidation, was mainly due to the phospholipid component.

[Relationship between the pathomorphological characteristics of the lungs and surfactant properties in some forms of chronic pneumonia]. / O zavisimosti mezhdu patomorfologicheskimi osobennostiami legkikh i svoistvami surfaktanta pri nekotorykh formakh khronicheskoi pnevmonii.

The minimum surface tension (STmin) and the content of total lipids (TL) and phospholipids (PL) in a surfactant obtained by differential centrifugation of extracts from 56 fragments of lungs resected from 48 patients with segmentary suppurations and bronchiectasia were correlated with the results of morphological and histochemical studies. The controls consisted of 5 lungs from the subjects dying of accidental causes. Areas of interstitial pneumosclerosis, atelectasis and carnification were found to have a high STmin and to contain less than 1 mg of PL per 1 g of the lung tissue, whereas foci of emphysema had a lower STmin and a higher content of PL. These parameters are inversely related. Possible causes of the change of the surfactant condition in chronic pneumonia and practical importance of its examination in resected lungs for a diverse evaluation of the pathological process and the effectiveness of preoperational therapy are discussed.