ABSTRACT
This paper describes successful application of nebulizer inhalation therapy with the antibacterial drug tobramycin in the combined treatment of acute pulmonary abscess caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an elderly woman. Possibilities of modern antibiotic therapy of pulmonary abscess are discussed along with prospects for its further development.
Subject(s)
Lung Abscess/drug therapy , Pseudomonas Infections/drug therapy , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purification , Tobramycin/administration & dosage , Acute Disease , Administration, Inhalation , Aged, 80 and over , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Female , Humans , Lung Abscess/microbiology , Nebulizers and Vaporizers , Pseudomonas Infections/microbiologyABSTRACT
Pulmonay thromboembolism is a common difficult-to-diagnose pathology not infrequently with a lethal outcome. There are many factors leading to hypercoagulation. One of them is intake of hormonal contraceptives to which doctors sometimes do not pay due attention. This paper reports two cases of acute coagulopathy with massive pulmonary thromboembolism in young women using these agents during a long period.
Subject(s)
Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal/adverse effects , Pulmonary Embolism/chemically induced , Adult , Female , Global Health , Humans , Incidence , Pulmonary Embolism/epidemiology , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Experience of 10-years observation of 164 patients who underwent radiation impact, 38 (23%) afterwards had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is analyzed in the article. It is demonstrated, that timely COPD diagnostics must be based on thorough gathering of anamnestic data, analysis of clinical manifestations and results of annual examination of pulmonary ventilation function. Changes in time of COPD clinical symptoms among COPD patients who underwent radiation influence are considered. It was established, that in patients who underwent radiation influence, COPD began in younger age, coursed more severe, with more frequent aggravations, requiring inpatient treatment. Therapy of this category of persons required all drugs used at COPD treatment.
Subject(s)
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications , Radiation Injuries/complications , Radioactive Hazard Release , Chernobyl Nuclear Accident , Disease Progression , Humans , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis , Radiation Injuries/diagnosis , Respiratory Function Tests , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
Connective tissue dysplasia (hereditary collagenopathy) presents a group of genetically heterogenous and clinically polymorphic pathological conditions, associated with disturbances in the forming of connective tissue during the embryonal and postnatal periods. Differentiated dysplasias include monofactor diseases with an established genetic defect and clear clinical symptoms, such as Marfan's syndrome, Ehlers-Danlo's syndrome, and osteogenesis imperfecta. The variants of non-differentiated hereditary dysplasias include primary mitral valve prolapse and other minor heart anomalies, tracheobronchial dyskinesia, visceroptosis, join hypermobility, congenital chest deformations, "weakness" of the ligamentous apparatus of the foot and the spine, and a range of other prevalent pathological changes. The author adduces his own observation of a patient with Marfan's syndrome.
Subject(s)
Collagen/metabolism , Marfan Syndrome/diagnosis , Marfan Syndrome/metabolism , Adult , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Diagnosis, Differential , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/complications , Humans , Male , Marfan Syndrome/complicationsABSTRACT
Complex investigation of some factors of local immunity in acute bronchitis (AB) was conducted in order to determine the mechanisms of formation of immunodeficient states in respiratory system and their influence on disease course. Study of cellular link of pulmonary local defense (PLD) included investigation of total number of cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), their viability, alveolar macrophages (AM), neutrophils, lymphocytes (T- and B- lymphocytes), phagocytic index and phagocytic number of AM and neutrophils, receptor system of AM and neutrophils. Examination of PLD humoral factors in BALF in the patients with AB consisted of determination of IgA, IgM, IgG and lysocin contents. The data obtained shows the dependence of state of local cellular and humoral immunity on AB clinical-and-etiologic form. The most expressed degree of cellular and humoral immunodeficiency is caused by staphylococcal infection. The role of dysfunction of cellular and humoral link of pulmonary immune defense in bronchoobstructive syndrome genesis was established. Restoration of cellular and humoral immunity indices in convalescents with AB lags behind the time of clinical recovery. The significant degree of immunodeficiency in the patients with AB lingering form can be a pathogenetic factor in chronization of inflammatory process in lungs.
Subject(s)
Bronchitis/immunology , Respiratory System/immunology , Acute Disease , Antibody Formation , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/cytology , Humans , Immunity, CellularSubject(s)
Bronchitis/physiopathology , Mucociliary Clearance , Pneumonia/physiopathology , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Adult , Bronchitis/diagnostic imaging , Charcoal/administration & dosage , Convalescence , Humans , Nebulizers and Vaporizers , Particle Size , Pneumonia/diagnostic imaging , Radionuclide Imaging , Reference Values , Technetium/administration & dosageABSTRACT
The paper reports a study of some local immunity factors in pneumonia aimed at specification of mechanisms inducing respiratory immunodeficiency and their effects on the disease course. Local cellular immunity of the lungs was studied by estimation of the total number of cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage, their viability, alveolar macrophages (AM), neutrophils, T- and B-lymphocytes, AM and neutrophil phagocytic index and number, receptor apparatus. The lavage IgA, IgM, IgG, lysozyme were estimated. It was found that local cellular and humoral immunity depend on clinicoetiological form of pneumonia. Cellular and humoral immunodeficiency was the greatest in staphylococcal infection. The role of cellular and humoral immunity dysfunction in the lungs in genesis of bronchoobstructive syndrome is specified. Recovery of cellular and humoral immunity in pneumonia reconvalescents is behind clinical recovery. Grave immunodeficiency in severe or lingering pneumonia may be a pathogenetic factor of chronic inflammation in the lungs. To evaluate functional condition of local immunity of the lungs it is valid to study cellular and humoral factors of local pulmonary immunity in bronchoalveolar lavage.
Subject(s)
B-Lymphocytes/immunology , Immunoglobulin A/immunology , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Lung/immunology , Lung/pathology , Phagocytes/immunology , Pneumonia/diagnosis , Pneumonia/immunology , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/immunology , Humans , Phagocytes/pathologyABSTRACT
Radioaerosol method was employed to follow up mucociliary transport (MT) efficacy in 97 patients with acute pneumonia (AP). The most pronounced suppression of MT was found in repeated and lingering AP. If causative agents were represented by adenoviruses, streptococci and influenza bacillus suppression of MT appeared more noticeable. Correlations of MT with pulmonary ventilation support the role of mucociliary insufficiency in genesis of bronchial obstruction in AP. The majority of the convalescents fail to achieve complete recovery of MT.
