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Clín. investig. arterioscler. (Ed. impr.) ; 22(4): 154-161, jul.-ago. 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-96641

ABSTRACT

Introducción El objetivo del estudio fue estimar la prevalencia de enfermedad arterial periférica (EAP) no diagnosticada, mediante el índice tobillo-brazo (ITB), en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 de una zona urbana seguidos en Atención Primaria (AP) y los factores asociados a la misma. Métodos Estudio descriptivo transversal (de prevalencia). Muestreo aleatorio sistemático de pacientes diabéticos tipo 2, entre 50–80 años, seguidos en AP. Nuestra variable dependiente fue la presencia de EAP diagnosticada mediante un ITB<0,9. Variables independientes: demográficas, clínicas y de laboratorio. Para determinar las variables asociadas a un ITB patológico se utilizó la regresión logística binaria por pasos hacia adelante. Resultados Muestra de 456 pacientes, de los que 243 (53%) eran hombres, con una edad media de 61±6 años. Presentaron ITB<0,9: 126 pacientes (27,6%), ITB entre 0,9 y 1,3: 310 pacientes (68%) y un ITB>1,3: 20 pacientes (4,4%). Mediante análisis multivariante las variables relacionadas con un ITB<0,9 fueron el ser o haber sido fumador, los años de evolución de la diabetes, el número de plaquetas y la hipertrigliceridemia, mientras que con un ITB>1,3 fueron el perímetro de cintura y las complicaciones microvasculares. Conclusiones La prevalencia de enfermedad arterial periférica es elevada en diabéticos tipo 2, consistente con lo publicado. Esta alta prevalencia de ITB alterado refuerza la recomendación de realizar el índice tobillo-brazo a todos los diabéticos tipo 2 mayores de 50 años valorados y seguidos en AP (AU)


Introduction The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence and associated factors of occult peripheral arterial disease (PAD) assessed by the ankle-brachial index (ABI) in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus followed up in a single urban Primary Care Center. Methods This is a cross-sectional study involving subjects who were sampled randomly from patients with type 2 diabetes and aged 50 to 80 years-old. The dependent variable was the presence of PAD, assessed by an ABI below 0.9. Demographic, clinical and laboratory parameters were also recorded. A forward, stepwise, logistic binary regression was built in order to examine variables associated with abnormal ABI.ResultsFour-hundred and fifty-six patients were included; they were 61±6 years-old, of which 243 (53%) were men. An ABI<0.9 was found in 126 patients (27.6%), 310 (68%) patients had an ABI 0.9–1.3 and only 20 patients (4.4%) had and ABI higher than 1.3. Using multivariate analyses, past or present smoking, duration of diabetes, platelet count and hypertriglyceridemia, were independently associated to PAD; on the contrary, only waist cincumference and the presence of microvascular disease were associated to an ABI higher than 1.3.Conclusion The prevalence of PAD was high and consistent with the literature, thus reinforcing the measurement of ABI for all patients with type 2 diabetes followed up in primary care. Smoking, duration of diabetes, platelet count and hypertriglyceridemia were independently associated to a low ABI (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Peripheral Arterial Disease/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Primary Health Care , Hypertriglyceridemia/epidemiology , Smoking/epidemiology , Abdominal Circumference
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