[Pneumonectomy with mediastinal lymphadenectomy in lung cancer]. / Pnevmonéktomiia s mediastinal'noi limfadenéktomiei po povodu raka legkogo.

The authors describe a method for removal of lymph nodes of the anterior and posterior mediastinum during pneumonectomy, which increases considerably the radical character of the operation. The necessity of separate removal of the lung and the mediastinal fat is emphasized. The anterior and posterior mediastinum are opened by a horseshoe-shaped incision. The described operative technique was used in 613 patients. The control group was made up of 240 patients. Three-year and five-year survival in the group of patients studied was 50.2 and 43.6%, respectively, which was higher than in the control group (38.4 and 27.8%, respectively).

[Endolymphatic polychemotherapy of ovarian cancer]. / Endolimfaticheskaia polikhimioterapiia u bol'nykh rakom iaichnikov.

The results of treatment in 118 patients with ovarian cancer are presented. The sessional doses were as follows: thioTEPA--200--300 mg or cyclophosphamide--3200--4000 mg+5-fluorouracil--2000--3000 mg. Despite the fact that 116 patients had III--IV stages of the disease, the objective effect of the treatment was observed in 95 of them. Thus, the complete disappearance of tumor was gained in 3 cases, reduction of the tumor size more than by 50%--in 68 patients, more than by 25%--in 18, an insignificant diminishing of tumor, the appearance of its mobility--in 13. Surgical intervention has been performed in 96 patients, that makes 82% of the operability. Supravaginal amputation of the uterus with adnexa and extirpation of the greater omentum have been performed in 76 cases, that yields 67% of resectability. Sole tumors have been removed in 11 patients, the intervention being confined to laparotomy in 6 (5.1%). Pronounced degenerative and necrobiotic alterations in the tumor were revealed by its histochemical assay in 22 patients 40, 50 and 60 days after endolymphatic infusion of chemotherapeutic drugs.

[Evaluation of the potentials of large-frame fluorography in detecting stomach cancer and precancerous diseases in prophylactic examinations]. / K otsenke vozmozhnostei krupnokadrovoi fliuorografii v vyiavlenii raka i predopukholevykh zabolevanii zheludka pri profilakticheskikh osmotrakh.

A comparative evaluation of the results of mass gastro-fluorographic screenings with the aid of special-purpose gastrofluorographs and pulmonary fluorographs adapted for stomach examination in lateral position. Although stomach radiograms obtained by use of pulmonary fluorography installations provide less information, the latter prove to be a good substitute in carrying out mass screenings for stomach tumors, when special-purpose gastrofluorographs are not available. Stomach cancer incidence in out-patients with stomach diseases is 7 times that in subjects who have no complaints, and 2-4 times in patients with stomach disturbances unregistered at dispensary clinics.

[Endolymphatic polychemotherapy in treating cancer of the corpus uteri]. / Endolimfaticheskaia polikhimioterapiia v lechenii raka tela matki.

At the Rostov Research Oncological Institute 49 patients with uterine cancer were tested by endolymphatic infusion with the preliminary estimation of the tumor sensitivity to chemical drugs. To test the efficacy of the treatment applied was cytological control of the uterine aspirate every 5 days after the infusion prior to surgery, and also morphological changes in the removed tumors at different terms after endolymphatic polychemotherapy. After administration of the drugs at 2--5 day a cessation of the uterine bleeding, lessening or disappearance of pains were noted usually. Among 14 patients with an enlarged uterus as if in the 8--10 week pregnancy, its size was normalized in 11 patients following the treatment. In 5 of 8 patients with parametrial infiltrates the latter completely disappeared while in 3-separated from pelvic walls. Of 3 patients with vaginal metastases the latter disappeared in one case, in 2 cases these were 2/3--1/2 diminished. Total extirpation of the uterus with adnexa was performed in 41 patients, in three of them a histological assay showed no tumor in the removed specimens.

[Sex chromatin and glucocorticoid hormone metabolism in breast cancer patients]. / Polovoi khromatin i obmen gliukokortikoidnykh gormonov u bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy.

Somatic sex chromatin of blood neutrophyls and the metabolism of glucocorticoid hormones were studied in 20 female patients with the intact ovarian function suffering breast cancer of stage III and in 20 healthy females of the same age. A reliable decrease was found in the number of type A and B processes compared with the control group. The same patients showed the increased nonconjugated 17-OCS in the urine, a decrease in the reduced forms of THF and THE hormones and rising of the cortisol and cortisone level. Breast cancer patients show a higher level of biologically active hormones (cortisol and cortisone), which are likely to influence the amount of somatic sex chromatin under this affection.

[Sex hormone excretion in stomach cancer patients]. / Ekskretsiia polovykh gormonov u bol'nykh rakom zheludka.

Study on the balance of sex hormones in 43 males and 45 females with gastric cancer indicated the presence of some deviations from normal level of androgens and estrogens excretion in gastric cancer patients. The character and intensity of the deviations observed were dependent on patients' sex and stage of the disease. In males the leading factor in sex hormones excretion disorders is a regular decrease both of 17-KS and estrogens, and only in stage UV hyperestrogenization phenomena are observed on account of active estrogens being predominant over androsterone. In females relative hyperestrogenization was observed already in stage III on acount of androsterone decrease, while in stage IV--due to reduction of total 17-KS in normal level of total enstrogens.

[Metastasis to the lymph nodes as an index of the effectiveness of preoperative endolymphatic polychemotherapy of cervix cancer]. / Metastazirovanie v limfouzly kak pokazatel' éffektivnosti predoperatsionnoi éndolimfaticheskoi polikhimioterapii raka sheiki matki.

Ninety eight patients with cervical cancer were subjected to endolymphatic chemotherapy with multiple cytostatic drugs to affect metastatic lymph nodes. A comcentrated mixture of chemotherapeutic drugs (total amount about 20 ml) was injected into plantar lymph vessels, an interval being 10-14 days. The combinations and dosage of the drugs were as follows: thio-TEPA (100-150 mg) or cyclophosphamid (1000-2000 mg)+methotrexate (100 mg)+5-fluorouracil (1000-1500 mg). Subsequently, 76 patients underwent an extended extirpation of the uterus with adnexa, and their lymph-nodes were studied morphologically. It was found that the number of metastases into the lymphnodes was considerably less than it had been expected. Of 45 patients with the disease stage II metastases have been found only in 3 cases (7%). Of 24 patients with cancer stage III the lymphnodes were involved in 4 cases (16.6%). According to the literature data metastatic involvement of the lymphnodes is on an average encountered in 36% for stage II and in 51% - for stage III.

[Prognostic value of the level of glucocorticoids and androgens in lung cancer patients]. / Prognosticheskoe znachenie urovnia gliukokortikoidnykh i androgennykh gormonov u bol'nykh rakom legkogo.

Under study was the excretion of 17-OCS and 17-KS in 2 male groups operated upon for lung cancer. The first group comprised 25 patients with the postoperative survival for less than a year. The second group-28 patients, whose survival was over 5 years postoperatively. In terms of 17-OCS excretion both groups were found to be identical: the level of 17OCS in them was normal. The excretion of 17-KS in patients of both groups proved to be considerably lower than normal values. However, in patients of the second group the level of 17-KS was higher, compared with the first group, mainly on account of androsterone. Thus, the balance of steroid hormones of glucocorticoid and androgenic series as well as the correlation between them may serve as a criterion of the prognosis for operated lung cancer patients.

[Use of olivomycin in the treatment of cancer of the uterine cervix]. / Primenenie olivomitsina v lechenii raka sheiki matki

Olivomycin was used locally as 0.2% ointment (20-40 tampons) in 39 cervical cancer cases (I stage--27 patients, II--8, III--1 and IV--2 patients) and in 2 vaginal cancer cases (II stage). There was noted a visual disappearance of the neoplasm in 24 cases, the decrease up to 1/3 of initial tumor dimensions in 11 cases, up to 1/2-2/3--in 5 cases. There was no effect in one case of cervix adenocarcinoma. An extended extirpation of the uterus with its adnexa was carried out after the treatment in 36 cases, in 13 of which no histological signs of tumor were found. Two patients are being under observation, because they refused the operation in view of the complete disappearance of the tumor.

[Endolymphatic chemotherapy of cervix neoplasms]. / Ob endolimfaticheskoi khimioterapii raka sheiki matki

In the gynecological department of Rostov Oncological Institute endolymphatic polychemotherapy with a preliminary determination of tumor sensitivity to chemotherapy was employed in 54 patients with cervical cancer, 3 of them in stage III and IV having contraindications to radiotherapy. A combination of chemical substances and the dosage of single administration were as follows: thio-TEPA--100--150 mg + methotrexate 75--100 mg; thio-TEPA--100--150 mg + 5-fluoruracil--1000 mg; cyclophosphane--2000 mg + methotrexate--75--100 mg; cyclophosphane--1600 mg + methotrexate--75--100 mg + 5-fluoruracil--750 mg. Lymphoinfusion was made in the lower extremity, and after 7--10 days it was repeated in the second one. Visual disappearance of the tumor was noted in 17 patients, lessening of the tumor size by two-thirds--in 16, a 1/2 decrease--in 20. Among 23 patients in stage III after the treatment parametrial infiltrations disappeared entirely in 11 cases and only in pelvic walls--in 12. In 40 cases an extensive extirpation of the uterus with adnexa was performed. In all cases degenerative changes in tumor tissues were observed, whereas in 7 cases no tumor cells were found.