Effects of concurrent perioperative use of marbofloxacin and cimicoxib or carprofen in dogs.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate possible interactions visible on electroencephalogram recordings caused by concomitant administration of marbofloxacin and carprofen or cimicoxib in dogs without central nervous system disease. METHODS: Totally 21 client-owned dogs undergoing different surgeries were included in a randomised, blinded, clinical study. Each dog was assigned to one of two groups treated with either carprofen or cimicoxib pre- and postoperatively. After anaesthetic induction both groups received marbofloxacin intravenously while recording an electroencephalogram. Offline electroencephalogram analysis included qualitative evaluation and Fast Fourier Transformation. Postoperative analgesia was evaluated for 24 hours and after 10 days with the short-form Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale. Statistical analysis included Wilcoxon signed rank test, Mann-Whitney U test and Student's t-test with α set at 5%. RESULTS: Marbofloxacin injection caused no effects on quantitative and qualitative electroencephalogram parameters in both groups. No differences in postoperative pain scoring were found between treatment groups. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Concurrent use of marbofloxacin with either cimicoxib or carprofen did not induce neuroexcitatory activities in dogs without CNS disease directly after administration.

[The use of fluoroquinolones in bacterial urinary tract infections in cats]. / Einsatz von Fluorchinolonen bei bakteriellen Harnwegsinfektionen der Katze.

Older cats (>10 years) with FLUTD (Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease) symptoms are often affected by urinary tract infections. In most of these cats organ diseases (e.g. chronic renal failure, diabetes mellitus) or iatrogenic factors (immunosuppressive drugs, indwelling catheter) are found that clearly predispose cats to this kind of infection. From a diagnostic point of view, urinalysis and urine culture are the most important tools in detecting bacteriuria. The microbiological spectrum is thereby comparable to that found in dogs, revealing Escherichia ( E. ) coli but also Staphylococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp./ Streptococcus spp. Antibiotic therapy should be based on the results of susceptibility testing. If this kind of information is not available, drug selection has to be decided on an empirical basis unless it is a complicated urinary tract infection. Preferred antibiotics should have a high renal excretion rate and thus ensure therapeutically effective drug levels in the urine. In this respect, the fluoroquinolones belong to the group of appropriate drugs to be used in cats. The relevance of therapeutical drug concentrations achievable in the urine is discussed for the example of marbofloxacin, a third-generation fluoroquinolone. New pharmacokinetic data showed that marbofloxacin concentrations of ≥2µg/ml are maintained in the urine of healthy cats for 72 and 103 hours after administration of 2 and 4mg/kg BW s.c., respectively.

A study on the prevention of prenatal and galactogenic Toxocara canis infections in pups by treatment of infected bitches with ivermectin or doramectin.

Investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of a two dose treatment with ivermectin or doramectin on reactivated larvae of Toxocara canis in bitches to prevent prenatal and galactogenic infections of their pups. Thirty pregnant bitches were treated by subcutaneous injection of ivermectin or doramectin on day 40 and 50 post conception (p.c.) each with a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight. The efficacy of the treatments was determined by faecal examinations and by comparing the number of infected pups and the onset of patency in each group of pups. 1. Patient infections with T. canis were seen in pups from untreated bitches from day 21 after birth and all pups were coproscopically positive one week later. To prevent severe clinical symptoms all pups in this group were treated with anthelmintics on day 42 after birth. 2. Pups from ivermectin treated bitches occasionally exhibited patent infections from day 28 after birth onwards; pups from doramectin group exhibited infections from day 56 after birth. The number of patently infected pups in both groups increased till 70 days after birth, probably because of postnatal infections. 3. 28 days after parturition, T. canis infections became patent in all untreated bitches. Single bitches in the ivermectin and doramectin groups developed patent infections after day 49 after parturition. All coproscopically positive bitches had patently infected pups in their litters. 4. The contamination of the environment with eggs of T. canis was calculated from the results of the faecal examinations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)