Subject(s)
Immunocompromised Host , Orbital Cellulitis/complications , Retinal Detachment/physiopathology , Aged, 80 and over , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Exophthalmos/diagnosis , Exudates and Transudates , Eye Infections, Bacterial/diagnosis , Eye Infections, Bacterial/drug therapy , Humans , Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/complications , Macular Degeneration/complications , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Nasal Mucosa/microbiology , Orbital Cellulitis/drug therapy , Orbital Cellulitis/microbiology , Remission, Spontaneous , Retinal Detachment/etiology , Staphylococcal Infections/diagnosis , Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapyABSTRACT
The low molecular weight fraction of tomato plants inoculated with potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) contains a population of short PSTVd-specific RNAs of either polarity. The main constituents were RNAs of 22 and 23 nt representing different domains of the viroid genome. The occurrence of such distinct RNA species indicated that the nuclear replicating PSTVd RNA induces post-transcriptional gene silencing. The short RNAs were slightly more abundant at 30 days post-inoculation than at later stages and were present in plants infected with a mild, severe or lethal isolate of PSTVD: There was no apparent correlation between the quantity of small PSTVd-specific RNAs and the degree of virulence of the viroid isolate.
Subject(s)
Gene Silencing , RNA, Viral/genetics , Solanum tuberosum/virology , Viroids/genetics , Virus Replication , Blotting, Northern , Gene Expression Regulation, Viral , Solanum lycopersicum/virology , Plant Leaves/virology , RNA, Viral/metabolism , Transcription, GeneticABSTRACT
The metabolic effects of epinephrine on Rana balacanica erythrocyte suspension were studied under normoxia and hypoxia. After epinephrine treatment, a 1.2-fold increase of lactate formation and a 20 per cent decrease of ATP concentration was found under normoxic conditions. These effects were rapid and specific to beta, alpha(1) and alpha(2) antagonists. Glycolysis was stimulated to almost the same extent by both epinephrine and forskolin as normoxic conditions. The stimulation of glycolysis was probably due to stimulation of phosphofructokinase (PFK) as well as to activation of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase. The decrease of ATP was a contributing factor to PFK activation. Despite the high levels of c-AMP at hypoxia, glycolysis was not further induced by epinephrine.
