ABSTRACT
We studied molecular mechanisms of changes in oxidative metabolism under conditions of experimental lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia. Generation of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species in mice increased 18 h after treatment with lipopolysaccharide. These changes contributed to inactivation of enzymes and enzyme complexes (ribonucleotide reductase, NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, and cytochrome c oxidase), dysfunction of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and development of oxidative stress. Plaferon LB protected mice from the toxic effect of lipopolysaccharide.
Subject(s)
Endotoxemia/etiology , Endotoxemia/metabolism , Lipopolysaccharides/toxicity , Reactive Nitrogen Species/metabolism , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Animals , Catalase/blood , Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy , Electron Transport/drug effects , Endotoxemia/prevention & control , In Vitro Techniques , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred ICR , Neuropeptides/pharmacology , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Ribonucleotide Reductases/metabolism , Spleen/drug effects , Spleen/metabolism , Superoxide Dismutase/bloodABSTRACT
The purpose of our research was to define influence of dislipidemia on the redox-system, developed during obesity. 150 patients from 18 to 55 years were examined having obesity of a different degrees who have been admitted to the endocrinology department of 4-th clinical hospital of Tbilisi. On the basis of the analysis of the received data it is possible to conclude that with in a degree of obesity a deterioration of parameters of lipid exchange was observed which from its part exerts its influence on the redox-system of an organism. Namely, it promotes reduction of antioxidant protection system in comparison with the control group. Also, dependence of change of activity of antioxidant ferments on the age and intensity of lipid exchange has been revealed. Furthermore, it has been revealed that deterioration of lipid exchange in patients over 30 years is the reason for compensatory activity of antioxidant ferments (SOD and catalase).
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/metabolism , Obesity/metabolism , Obesity/physiopathology , Adolescent , Adult , Homeostasis/physiology , Humans , Middle Aged , Oxidation-Reduction , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
Mitochondrial energogenesis plays key role in the vital activity of cells. Regulation of its intensity is especially important for the maintenance of function of tissues and body internal organs under different pathological conditions. There are numerous studies demonstrating modulator effect of domestic preparation, plaferon LB (USA patent number WO02/ 12444 A2) on the intensity of mitochondrial respiration in vivo at different pathological processes. In order to determine the mechanism of modulator effect of plaferon LB we have studied effectiveness of its effect on the intensity of electron transport in mitochondrial respiratory chain, inhibited by different toxins, in isolated myocardial sections in vitro. Isolated sections (100mg) of myocardium of white rats were placed in the buffer solution with glutamate and DNF. Obtained dredge was distributed in equal portions to the different cells, where amital -- inhibitor of I complex of mitochondrial electron transport chain or potassium cyanide, inhibitor of IV complex of mitochondrial electron transport chain, or plaferon LB have been added in different consecution with 2 min intervals (USA patent number WO02/ 12444 A2). We discovered that plaferon LB rehabilitates electron transport on the sites of I and IV complexes of mitochondrial chain that leads to a decrease in free radical production and normalization of cell redox status. This is the mechanism through which the preparation regulates the intensity of mitochondrial respiration and tissues energogenesis.
Subject(s)
Carrier Proteins/drug effects , Electron Transport/drug effects , Mitochondria, Muscle/drug effects , Mitochondria, Muscle/metabolism , Neuropeptides/pharmacology , Humans , Male , Neuropeptides/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Free radical oxidation plays important role in the radiation-induced cell and tissue damage. Numerous studies evidence a decrease in body antioxidant system activity and changes in nitric oxide levels during irradiation. It has been demonstrated that in the process of radiation damage NO may play either radioprotective or radiotoxic role depending on body redox status. Hence, the search for effective radioprotectors is an urgent issue of the contemporary radiology. We applied vitamin C and plaferon LB as radioprotectors. Plaferon LB has antioxidant, antihypoxic, immunomodulating and antiapoptotic effects. Our study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of correcting action of plaferon LB on oxidative -- reducing balance of the body subjected to ionizing radiation. There have been studied changes in catalase, SOD, GR and ceruloplasmine activities as well as blood NO levels, superoxide and lipoperoxide radical levels in rats being subjected to gamma-radiation and treated by above mentioned preparations. As a result of our study we can conclude that preliminary and postradiation application of antioxidants at irradiation has a protective effect.
