ABSTRACT
The sequential changes in lipid metabolism and in the fatty acid profile of liver lipids during fasting and sepsis were studied. Liver and blood specimens were taken from normally fed rats and from nonseptically and septically fasted rats at 5, 24, and 48 hr. Sepsis was induced by injecting live Escherichia coli bacteria intraperitoneally. Sepsis attenuated the fasting-induced increase in beta-hydroxybutyrate and reduced liver and serum triglycerides at 5 hr. There was a percentage decline in the most abundant fatty acids in neutral lipids, namely oleic (18:1w9) and linoleic (18:2w6) acids. This was seen throughout fasting and septic fasting. These results indicate that 18:1w9 and 18:2w6 are used as energy substrates and are oxidized to beta-hydroxybutyrate during fasting and mainly to carbon dioxide during septic fasting. On the contrary, the most abundant fatty acids in phospholipids, stearic (18:0), arachidonic (20:4w6), and docosahexaenoic (22:6w3) acids, accumulated in neutral lipids and in phospholipids throughout fasting. However, during sepsis this accumulation was reduced in neutral lipids and reversed to a level below that in the fed and fasted state in phospholipids. These results indicate that a disturbance in membrane integrity and function induced by septic fasting may have pathophysiological consequences for lipid metabolism and liver function during sepsis.
Subject(s)
Escherichia coli Infections/metabolism , Fasting/metabolism , Fatty Acids/metabolism , Lipid Metabolism , Liver/metabolism , Shock, Septic/metabolism , Animals , Escherichia coli Infections/physiopathology , Liver/physiopathology , Male , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Shock, Septic/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Quinhentos e oito casos de Doenças do Pânico foram estudados. A evitaçäo fóbica está correlacionada freqüentemente aos ataques de pânico. Em apenas 23% dos pacientes, o diagnóstico de depressäo maior, no passado ou presente, foi dado. Em 238 casos, Alprazolam, Clomipramina, Imipramina e Tranilcipromina foram efetivos em doses mais baixas do que as citadas na literatura. Como cada uma das medicaçöes tem alguns inconvenientes específicos, nenhuma foi considerada superior às outras
Subject(s)
Humans , Alprazolam/therapeutic use , Clomipramine/therapeutic use , Imipramine/therapeutic use , Panic , Tranylcypromine/therapeutic use , Alprazolam/adverse effects , Clomipramine/adverse effects , Imipramine/adverse effects , Tranylcypromine/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Quinentos e oito casos de Doencas do Panico foram estudados. A evitacao fobica esta correlacionada frequentemente aos ataques de panico. Em apenas 23 por cento dos pacientes, o diagnostico de depressao maior, no passado ou presente, foi dado. Em 238 casos, Alprazolam, Clomipramina, Imipramina e Tranilcipromina foram efetivos em doses mais baixas do que as citadas na literatura. Como cada uma das meditacoes tem alguns inconvenientes especificos, nenhum foi considerada superior as outras.
