ABSTRACT
El objetivo es realizar una revisión del estado actual de la prevención y tratamiento de las complicaciones de los estomas. Se ha realizado una búsqueda de la literatura en Medline-PubMed, EMBASE y Cochrane Library hasta diciembre de 2012.Las complicaciones de los estomas son frecuentes e implican una peor calidad de vida y un aumento del costo para el sistema sanitario. Muchas están en relación con la técnica quirúrgica y son susceptibles de prevención con una correcta cirugía realizada por cirujanos con experiencia. El uso de mallas reduce el riesgo de hernia paraestomal y la tasa de recurrencia después de su reparación. Es fundamental el papel de la enfermera estomaterapeuta para elegir la localización del estoma en la fase preoperatoria, y en la fase de seguimiento, para conseguir una mejor adaptación e independencia de los pacientes ostomizados, lo que redundará en una mayor calidad de vida
The aim of our study was to perform a review of the literature to assess the results of prevention and treatment of stoma complications. Medline, EMBASE medical database and the Cochrane Library were searched up to December 2012.Stomal complications are prevalent and associated with a worse quality of life and increased health-economic burdens. The most common complications are attributed to stoma construction. Attention to the finer technical points performed by experienced surgeons reduces morbidity. The use of mesh reduces the risk of parastomal hernia and recurrence rates in hernia repair. Preoperative stoma site marking and postoperative care by a stomatherapist are crucial for the patients successful adaption, improving quality of life, promoting their independence and reducing the rates of complications
Subject(s)
Humans , Surgical Stomas/adverse effects , Colostomy/adverse effects , Ileostomy/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/prevention & controlABSTRACT
The aim of our study was to perform a review of the literature to assess the results of prevention and treatment of stoma complications. Medline, EMBASE medical database and the Cochrane Library were searched up to December 2012. Stomal complications are prevalent and associated with a worse quality of life and increased health-economic burdens. The most common complications are attributed to stoma construction. Attention to the finer technical points performed by experienced surgeons reduces morbidity. The use of mesh reduces the risk of parastomal hernia and recurrence rates in hernia repair. Preoperative stoma site marking and postoperative care by a stomatherapist are crucial for the patients' successful adaption, improving quality of life, promoting their independence and reducing the rates of complications.
