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1.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 70(4): 127-133, 16 feb., 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-192847

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: En sujetos con trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad (TDAH), se observan dificultades en las relaciones interpersonales que se atribuyen a una afectación en las habilidades de reconocimiento de emociones faciales. Los estudios realizados no siempre tuvieron presente la naturaleza del estímulo seleccionado en pediatría, lo cual es fundamental porque la familiaridad en los rostros, en cuanto a sus características fisonómicas, favorece el reconocimiento de las expresiones. OBJETIVO: Identificar el perfil de reconocimiento de emociones en sujetos pediátricos con TDAH, utilizando como estímulo fotos de niños y niñas. Sujetos y métodos: Estudio analítico de corte transversal de casos y controles. Se analizaron los resultados obtenidos de 54 participantes de 7-13 años divididos en dos grupos: 26 en el grupo control y 28 en el grupo con TDAH. Realizaron una evaluación con la escala de inteligencia de Wechsler para niños (WISC-V), el Conners Continuous Performance Test II (CPT-II) y el Child Affective Facial Expression set (CAFE). RESULTADOS: El grupo con TDAH mostró un rendimiento menor en el reconocimiento de emociones en general, con mayor dificultad en el reconocimiento de enojo, sorpresa y expresión neutral en particular. No se encontró una relación entre el reconocimiento de emociones y la edad, el sexo, el cociente intelectual total o las variables de atención del CPT-II. CONCLUSIONES: Los sujetos con TDAH presentan déficits en el reconocimiento de emociones, especialmente en el reconocimiento de enojo, sorpresa y expresión neutral, que podrían explicar las dificultades en la interacción y deberían tratarse dentro del marco terapéutico


INTRODUCTION: There are difficulties in relationships that are attributed to a commitment in facial emotions recognition skills in subjects with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The studies carried out did not always take into account the nature of the stimulus selected in pediatrics, which is important because the familiarity in faces, in terms of their physiognomic characteristics, makes it easier the recognition of the expressions. AIM: To identify the profile of recognition of emotions in pediatric subjects with ADHD, using as a stimulus photos of boys and girls. Subjects and methods: Analytical cross-sectional study of cases and controls. We analyzed the results obtained from 54 participants between 7 and 13 years divided into two groups: 26 in control group and 28 in ADHD group. They conducted an assessment with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-V), Conners' Continuous Performance Test II (CPT-II), and Child Affective Facial Expression set (CAFE). RESULTS: The ADHD group showed a lower performance in recognition of emotions in general, with greater difficulty in the recognition of anger, surprise and neutral expression in particular. No relationship was found between the recognition of emotions and age, sex, total intelligence quotient or CPT-II care variables. CONCLUSIONS: The subjects with ADHD present deficits in the recognition of emotions, especially in the recognition of anger, surprise and neutral expression, which could explain the difficulties in the interaction and that should be treated within the therapeutic framework


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/physiopathology , Facial Expression , Emotions/physiology , Case-Control Studies , Neuropsychological Tests , Cross-Sectional Studies
2.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(2): 142-145, abr. 2018. tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1038413

ABSTRACT

El hipotiroidismo congénito (HC) como enfermedad crónica impacta en la vinculación padres-hijo y en recursos del niño para afrontar situaciones conflictivas. Objetivos. Describir estilos parentales desde la percepción del hijo con HC y sus estrategias de afrontamiento. Población y métodos. Niños de entre 9 y 10 años con HC detectado por pesquisa neonatal y adecuadamente tratado y un grupo sin HC (grupo control). Se utilizó el cuestionario argentino de afrontamiento y la escala argentina de percepción de la relación con los padres y el subtest comprensión de la Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children III (WISC III). Se compararon los resultados con el análisis multivariante de la varianza (multivariate analysis of variance; MANOVA, por sus siglas en inglés). Resultados. Se incluyeron 60 niños con HC; percibían a su madre con una modalidad de control estricto y a su padre con más aceptación. Buscaban mayor apoyo y se paralizaban más ante situaciones conflictivas que los 60 niños sin patología. Conclusión. Estos hallazgos podrían asociarse a mayor dependencia. Deben considerarse en la atención del HC.


Congenital hypothyroidism (CH), as any chronic disease, has an impact on the parent-child relationship and on the child's resources to cope with conflicting situations. Objectives. To describe parenting styles according to the perception of children with CH and their coping strategies. Population and methods. Children aged 9-10 years who had CH detected by newborn screening and had received adequate treatment and a group without CH (control group). The Argentine Coping Questionnaire, the Argentine Scale for the Perception of Parent Relations, and the comprehension subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children III (WISC III) were used. Results were compared using a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results. Sixty children with CH were included; they perceived that their mothers exercised a strict control and that their fathers showed more acceptance. They sought more support and became paralyzed more often in conflicting situations than the 60 children without CH. Conclusion. These findings may be associated with a higher level of dependence. They should be taken into consideration in CH care.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adaptation, Psychological , Chronic Disease , Congenital Hypothyroidism , Object Attachment
3.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 116(2): 142-145, 2018 Apr 01.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29557609

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH), as any chronic disease, has an impact on the parent-child relationship and on the child's resources to cope with conflicting situations. OBJECTIVES: To describe parenting styles according to the perception of children with CH and their coping strategies. POPULATION AND METHODS: Children aged 9-10 years who had CH detected by newborn screening and had received adequate treatment and a group without CH (control group). The Argentine Coping Questionnaire, the Argentine Scale for the Perception of Parent Relations, and the comprehension subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children III (WISC III) were used. Results were compared using a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). RESULTS: Sixty children with CH were included; they perceived that their mothers exercised a strict control and that their fathers showed more acceptance. They sought more support and became paralyzed more often in conflicting situations than the 60 children without CH. CONCLUSION: These findings may be associated with a higher level of dependence. They should be taken into consideration in CH care.


INTRODUCCIÓN: El hipotiroidismo congénito (HC) como enfermedad crónica impacta en la vinculación padres-hijo y en recursos del niño para afrontar situaciones conflictivas. OBJETIVOS: Describir estilos parentales desde la percepción del hijo con HC y sus estrategias de afrontamiento. POBLACIÓN Y MÉTODOS: Niños de entre 9 y 10 años con HC detectado por pesquisa neonatal y adecuadamente tratado y un grupo sin HC (grupo control). Se utilizó el cuestionario argentino de afrontamiento y la escala argentina de percepción de la relación con los padres y el subtest comprensión de la Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children III (WISC III). Se compararon los resultados con el análisis multivariante de la varianza (multivariate analysis of variance; MANOVA, por sus siglas en inglés). RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 60 niños con HC; percibían a su madre con una modalidad de control estricto y a su padre con más aceptación. Buscaban mayor apoyo y se paralizaban más ante situaciones conflictivas que los 60 niños sin patología. CONCLUSIÓN: Estos hallazgos podrían asociarse a mayor dependencia. Deben considerarse en la atención del HC.


Subject(s)
Adaptation, Psychological , Congenital Hypothyroidism/psychology , Parent-Child Relations , Parenting/psychology , Argentina , Case-Control Studies , Child , Chronic Disease , Conflict, Psychological , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Multivariate Analysis , Prospective Studies , Psychological Tests , Stress, Psychological/diagnosis , Stress, Psychological/etiology
4.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 115(1): 12-17, feb. 2017. tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-838314

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Los niños con hipotiroidismo congénito (HC) detectados por pesquisa neonatal y tratados adecuadamente presentarían defectos cognitivos leves. Objetivos. Evaluar el coeficiente intelectual de niños con HC e identificar la presencia de déficits cognitivos específicos. Población y métodos. Se seleccionó un grupo de 60 niños con HC, de entre 9 y 10 años, detectados por pesquisa neonatal y tratados adecuadamente desde el primer mes de vida, y se comparó con un grupo control de 60 niños sin HC de la misma edad. Fueron criterios de inclusión la ausencia de patología intercurrente, concurrencia a jornada escolar simple y padres con nivel escolar mínimo de secundaria completa. En entrevistas individuales, se administraron la escala de inteligencia Wechsler para niños, tercera edición, figura compleja de Rey, test Woodcock-Muñoz revisado, Conners Continuous Performance Test II, test Illinois de aptitudes psicolingüísticas, test de fluidez verbal, test de cubos de Knox, Trail Making Test, test de caras y test de los 5 dígitos. Se realizó el análisis estadístico con pruebas t de Student (muestras independientes) ajustado por Bonferroni (p < 0,002). Resultados. Aun dentro del rango normal promedio, hubo diferencias significativas entre grupos en el coeficiente intelectual total y de ejecución (tamaño del efecto pequeño y moderado, respectivamente). Los niños hipotiroideos presentaron, en el área de ejecución, significativamente menor desempeño en velocidad de procesamiento, tiempos de reacción, atención, flexibilidad cognitiva, visoconstrucción y memoria a largo plazo. No hubo diferencia significativa entre grupos en el área verbal. Conclusiones. Los niños hipotiroideos congénitos, sin discapacidad mental, presentaron defectos cognitivos leves, que deben ser tenidos en cuenta para su atención integral.


Introduction. Children with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) detected by newborn screening and adequately treated may have mild cognitive deficits. Objectives. To assess the intelligence quotient of children with CH and identify the presence of specific cognitive deficits. Population and methods. A group of 60 children with CH detected by newborn screening, who were aged 9-10 years old and received adequate treatment since their first month of life was selected and compared to a control group of 60 children without CH in the same age range. Inclusion criteria: children without concurrent diseases, who were attending school in a single shift, and whose parents had at least completed secondary education. The following tests were administered during individual interviews: the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (third edition), the Rey complex figure test, the Woodcock-Muñoz revised test, the Conners Continuous Performance Test II, the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities, the verbal fluency test, the Knox Cube Test, the Trail Making Test, the faces test, and the 5 digit test. The statistical analysis was done using Student's t tests (for independent samples) with Bonferroni's correction (p < 0.002). Results. Even within the normal average range, significant differences were observed between both groups in terms of total intelligence quotient and performance intelligence quotient (small and moderate effect sizes, respectively). In terms of performance, children with hypothyroidism had a significantly poorer performance in processing speed, reaction times, attention, cognitive flexibility, visuoconstruction, and long-term memory. No significant differences were found between both groups in the verbal area. Conclusions. Children with congenital hypothyroidism and without mental disability had mild cognitive deficits, which should be taken into account for a comprehensive patient care.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Congenital Hypothyroidism/complications , Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Congenital Hypothyroidism/diagnosis , Congenital Hypothyroidism/therapy , Early Diagnosis , Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis , Intelligence Tests
5.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 115(1): 12-17, 2017 02 01.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28097835

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Children with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) detected by newborn screening and adequately treated may have mild cognitive deficits. OBJECTIVES">To assess the intelligence quotient of children with CH and identify the presence of specific cognitive deficits. POPULATION AND METHODS: A group of 60 children with CH detected by newborn screening, who were aged 9-10 years old and received adequate treatment since their first month of life was selected and compared to a control group of 60 children without CH in the same age range. Inclusion criteria: children without concurrent diseases, who were attending school in a single shift, and whose parents had at least completed secondary education. The following tests were administered during individual interviews: the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (third edition), the Rey complex figure test, the Woodcock-Muñoz revised test, the Conners Continuous Performance Test II, the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities, the verbal fluency test, the Knox Cube Test, the Trail Making Test, the faces test, and the 5 digit test. The statistical analysis was done using Student's t tests (for independent samples) with Bonferroni's correction (p < 0.002). RESULTS: Even within the normal average range, significant differences were observed between both groups in terms of total intelligence quotient and performance intelligence quotient (small and moderate effect sizes, respectively). In terms of performance, children with hypothyroidism had a significantly poorer performance in processing speed, reaction times, attention, cognitive flexibility, visuoconstruction, and long-term memory. No significant differences were found between both groups in the verbal area. CONCLUSIONS: Children with congenital hypothyroidism and without mental disability had mild cognitive deficits, which should be taken into account for a comprehensive patient care.


Introducción. Los niños con hipotiroidismo congénito (HC) detectados por pesquisa neonatal y tratados adecuadamente presentarían defectos cognitivos leves. Objetivos. Evaluar el coeficiente intelectual de niños con HC e identificar la presencia de déficits cognitivos específicos. Población y métodos. Se seleccionó un grupo de 60 niños con HC, de entre 9 y 10 años, detectados por pesquisa neonatal y tratados adecuadamente desde el primer mes de vida, y se comparó con un grupo control de 60 niños sin HC de la misma edad. Fueron criterios de inclusión la ausencia de patología intercurrente, concurrencia a jornada escolar simple y padres con nivel escolar mínimo de secundaria completa. En entrevistas individuales, se administraron la escala de inteligencia Wechsler para niños, tercera edición, figura compleja de Rey, test WoodcockMuñoz revisado, Conners Continuous Performance Test II, test Illinois de aptitudes psicolingüísticas, test de fluidez verbal, test de cubos de Knox, Trail Making Test, test de caras y test de los 5 dígitos. Se realizó el análisis estadístico con pruebas t de Student (muestras independientes) ajustado por Bonferroni (p < 0,002). Resultados. Aun dentro del rango normal promedio, hubo diferencias significativas entre grupos en el coeficiente intelectual total y de ejecución (tamaño del efecto pequeño y moderado, respectivamente). Los niños hipotiroideos presentaron, en el área de ejecución, significativamente menor desempeño en velocidad de procesamiento, tiempos de reacción, atención, flexibilidad cognitiva, visoconstrucción y memoria a largo plazo. No hubo diferencia significativa entre grupos en el área verbal. Conclusiones. Los niños hipotiroideos congénitos, sin discapacidad mental, presentaron defectos cognitivos leves, que deben ser tenidos en cuenta para su atención integral.


Subject(s)
Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology , Congenital Hypothyroidism/complications , Child , Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis , Congenital Hypothyroidism/diagnosis , Congenital Hypothyroidism/therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Early Diagnosis , Female , Humans , Intelligence Tests , Male , Prospective Studies
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