Adenoid cystic carcinoma of buccal mucosa: A report of two rare cases and review of literature.

In the oral cavity, adenoid cystic carcinomas of the buccal mucosa are extremely rare. Minor salivary grand adenoid cystic carcinoma should receive aggressive treatment to achieve negative surgical margins to inhibit recurrence.

Clinical Assessment of Retromandibular Antero-Parotid Approach for Reduction of Mandibular Subcondylar Fractures: Report of 60 Cases and Review of the Literature.

This study assessed the efficacy of the retromandibular antero-parotid approach for open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of subcondylar fractures. Sixty patients with the mean age of 31.03 years underwent surgical reduction with a 20-25mm incision in the retromandibular area with an antero-parotid transmasseteric approach. All patients were followed between 6 to 12 months. At the end of the first week, six patients exhibited postoperative malocclusion. At the next visits, all patients had optimal occlusion. Maximal interincisal opening (MIO) of 56 patients (93.3%) was >37mm, and only four patients (6.7%) had MIO<37mm. In three patients (5%), weakness of the buccal branch of the facial nerve was noticed postoperatively. No salivary gland complications were seen. The surgical scar was hardly noticeable. Retromandibular access with transmasseteric antero-parotid approach is the technique of choice for treatment of high- and low-level subcondylar fractures with adequate visibility and direct access to the condylar area.

Musculoskeletal disorders among a group of Iranian general dental practitioners.

BACKGROUND: Dentists have to remain in a fixed position during dental practices for the accuracy required, therefore they are susceptible to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). OBJECTIVES: Considering the infrequency of ergonomics studies in general dental practitioners (GDPs), especially in cervical region, this study aimed to reviews MSDs in the neck region among GDPs. METHODS: An analytic cross-sectional study was carried out among the GDPs in 2011. A total of 60 dentists (40 males and 20 females) were examined through a combination of questionnaires (concerning their demographic information) such as the Nordic standardized musculoskeletal disorder questionnaire (NMQ) and Body Discomfort Assessment questionnaire (BDA). Each dentist's working posture was assessed using Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) and deep cervical flexor muscle endurance through a Craniocervical Flexion test (CCFT). Descriptive statistical indexes and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis, while considering p< 0.05. RESULTS: The mean dental practice experience was 16.9 ± 5.6 years with average 41.2 ± 13.4 working hours per week. About 45% of dentists took regular exercises weekly. Some 83.3% of these dentists expressed to be suffering from the cervical pain, whereas, 56.7% complained about back pains and 41% shoulder problems. Female dentists were found more at risk of neckache, discomfort and pain in shoulder and hand than males. Greater pain frequency in knee was found in more experienced and older age dentists (P= 0.07). Results from the CCF test showed that the deep cervical flexor muscles endurance increased with regular exercise and decreased with aging. CONCLUSION: Many dentists experience the MSDs, especially in cervical region, as a consequence of occupational stresses. Therefore, detecting occupational risk factors, standards of work position, regular exercise and following ergonomic policy are intensely recommended.

Complications using intermaxillary fixation screws.

PURPOSE: The most important part of facial bone fracture treatment is immobilization. Bandaging of the fractured mandible was the first immobilization device used in ancient Greece. Since then, various methods with different shapes and uses were introduced in the treatment of maxillofacial trauma patients. Intermaxillary fixation (IMF) with bone screws was first used in 1981. This technique has advantages, including quickness, ease of use, less trauma, and reduced risk of needle-stick injury. We analyze the advantages and disadvantages of this technique. METHODS AND MATERIALS: In a retrospective study on 73 patients requiring IMF, the complications of IMF screws were analyzed. Complications were divided into 2 groups: dental and nondental. Follow-up examinations consisted of clinical and panoramic radiographic examinations. RESULTS: In 24 teeth (6.5%) in 13 patients (17.8%), dental complications occurred. No dental treatment was needed in 4 patients (5.5%). The site at which dental complications occurred during operation in the majority of cases was the anterior mandible. Nondental complications occurred in 63 screws (16.9%) in 39 patients (54.2%). The most common complication was screw loosening. Screw soft tissue coverage occurred in 21 screws. CONCLUSION: The use of IMF screws is simple and decreases the time required for surgery, but because of their complications, they still require punctuality.