ABSTRACT
Objectives: The aim of this study was to perform retrospective analysis of data collected from patients of gallbladder perforations for diagnosis, management and outcome. Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis of data was carried out for 40 patients of gallbladder perforations from the hospital record of patients who were diagnosed preoperatively and intraoperatively as a case of gallbladder perforation over a period of 10 years and were managed in our surgery unit of a tertiary health care centre. Patients were included irrespective of sex except cases of trauma and patients of the paediatric age group. Results: Among 40 patients, 26 were females and 14 were males. As per Anderson modification of Neimeier classification, 13 (32.5%) had type 1, 23 (57.5%) had type 2, and four (10%) patients had type 3 perforations and none of the patients had type 4 perforation. Twenty-three patients (57.5%) were found to have fundal perforation, followed by body in 11 patients (27.5%), three (7.5%) in Hartman's pouch while in three patients (7.5%), there were multiple perforations. All patients of type 1 Neimer classification were diagnosed clinically as cases of biliary peritonitis, whereas most cases of type 2 Neimer classification were diagnosed preoperatively by CECT abdomen 12/23 patients (52%) and ultrasound abdomen 10/23 (43.47%). All patients underwent surgery, and there were three mortalities. Conclusion: In our study, there was female predominance in patients having gallbladder perforation. Of the patients, 52.5% were diabetic and mean age was 55.9 years. CECT abdomen was the most useful modality for diagnosis of type 2 gallbladder perforations. Timely surgical intervention is mandatory for a better outcome of these cases.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In compliance with MCI's recommendation, a month-long Foundation Course was conducted in our institution in Aug'19. The present study was conducted to seek the opinion of the students and faculty regarding relevance of the topics included in the course to enable revisions to be made in designing the course for the subsequent sessions, to make it more effective and student-oriented. METHODS: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted to seek the opinion of 100 students who underwent the Foundation Course and 35 faculty members who were involved in teaching the topics allotted. RESULTS: Positive feedback was recorded from63% of the students and 69% of the faculty regarding the overall experience of the course. Among the different modules, Skills module was voted as relevant by majority (73%) of students, whereas a module on Enhancement of Language and Computer Skills was found relevant to the course by a mere 52% students. In contrast, module on Sports and Extracurricular activities was adjudged as most relevant while as module on Enhancement of Language and Computer Skills got the least positive feedback (81.43% vs. 60.36%, respectively) from the faculty. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS: Foundation Course recommended by MCI for MBBS students at the entry level is a welcome step. This can further be made more beneficial by making necessary modifications in the planning of the course in light of suggestions received from the participants.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Vast first MBBS course has been posing great problems for a fresh entrant in medical college. A student is merely 18-19 years when he gains entry to a medical college in India. Multiple problems pile up for him at the very onset of his academic year in Department of Anatomy. The present study aimed to identify various stress factors and further assess the effect of counselling/mentorship programme on solving such issues. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A pre-validated, predesigned questionnaire was administered to hundred first year medical students. They were individually counselled with various faculty persons. Based on the questionnaire given, the results were analysed. RESULTS: 45% of the students were sure that their language problem was solved after the session. 48% students accepted that they did have some adjustment problems, which were solved then. 30% expressed that some of their personal problems were also solved. 54% were now able to manage their time judiciously. 64% opined that counselling helped to plan their studies well. 52% students admitted that counselling improved their performance in theory. 46% expressed that counselling also helped to improve their performance in practicals. 65% told us that their skills both in theory and practical had improved after the session. 39% consented that counselling relieved them of anxiety. 67% recognised that their knowledge in the subject of anatomy had increased. 75% were of the view that similar sessions should be conducted more frequently. 40% preferred to express their views in their regional language. 85% students advised us to carry forward these sessions to the next batches. CONCLUSION: Our study highlights the need for counselling to solve multifaceted adjustment problems.
