ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to investigate the recent changes such as allele frequencies and total probability of exclusion (PE) in Thoroughbred horses in Korea using short tandem repeat (STR) parentage panels between 2006 and 2016. METHODS: The genotype was provided for 5,988 horse samples with 15 microsatellite markers (AHT4, AHT5, ASB2, ASB17, ASB23, CA425, HMS1, HMS2, HMS3, HMS6, HMS7, HTG4, HTG10, LEX3 and VHL20). RESULTS: In our study, the observed number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 (HMS1) to 9 (ASB17) in 2006 and 4 (HMS1) to 9 (ASB2) in 2016, with a mean value of 6.28 and 6.40, respectively. Of the 15 markers, HMS2, HTG4, and CA425 loci had relatively low polymorphism information content (<0.5000) in the Thoroughbred population. Mean levels of genetic variation in 2006 and 2016 were observed heterozygosity (HO) = 0.708, and expected heterozygosity (HE) = 0.685, as well as and HO = 0.699 and HE = 0.682, respectively. The PE was calculated for each group based on the allele frequencies of 14 or 15 STRs. The 2006 survey analyzed that PE was 0.9998, but it increased to 0.9999 in 2016 after the HMS2 marker was added in 2011. The current STR panel is still a powerful tool for parentage verification that contributes to the maintenance of integrity in the Thoroughbred population. CONCLUSION: The current STR panel is still a powerful tool for parentage verification that contributes to the maintenance of integrity in the Thoroughbred horses. However, continuous monitoring genetic variability is necessary.
ABSTRACT
Clostridium (C.) perfringens was isolated from 25 (11.1%) of 225 sampled horses and from 16 (35.56%) of 45 farms. All of the samples were negative for cpe, etx, itx, NetF genes and cpa gene were detected in 100% (25 of 25) of the samples that were positive for C. perfringens. cpb and cpb2 were detected in 40.0% (10 of 25) and 60.0% (15 of 25) of the samples that were positive for C. perfringens, respectively. Of the 25 C. perfringens isolates, 15 (60%) were type A and 10 (40%) were type C. Type C was observed on all the farms where the foals' deaths occurred. None of the isolates were positive for type B, type D, or type E. The MIC Evaluator strips antimicrobial susceptibility test showed meropenem (96%), ampicillin (92%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (84%), and tetracycline (8%) sensitivity.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to determine the number of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) that occupied the Sincheon River in Daegu, South Korea. Twenty-seven spraints collected from February to May 2016 at four sites (Jangam Bridge approximately 6.1 km from the Gachang Dam, Docheong Bridge approximately 13.5 km, Chimsan Bridge approximately 15.1 km and Nogoek Bridge approximately 18 km) along the Sincheon River (approximately 27.06 km) were analyzed using 12 microsatellite markers. The analyses resulted in the identification of 16 (59.3%) individual Eurasian otters in the Sincheon River based on the 27 spraints. Of the 16 individual Eurasian otters, seven were male, and nine were female. Groups were centered at the Jangam Bridge (3 males and 2 females), Chimsan Bridge (2 males and 3 females) and Docheong Bridge (2 males and 4 females). Thus, the 16 Eurasian otters formed three genetically related groups in each sampling area. The number of alleles per locus varied from three to seven, with a mean value of 5.08 alleles.
