ABSTRACT
Perfectionism, a multidimensional disposition encompassing both positive and negative attributes, has been widely examined in a number of different fields, one of which is academics. However, results of research on the precise connection between perfectionism and academic success remain largely inconclusive. The present study, therefore, attempted to identify this underlying mechanism by examining the mediating role of accurate self-assessment in the relationship between perfectionism and academic achievement of college students. The results revealed that while perfectionistic concerns and strivings did not directly affect academic achievement, their indirect effects were statistically significant. Perfectionistic concerns negatively predicted academic achievement through inaccurate self-assessment, whereas perfectionistic strivings positively predicted academic achievement through accurate self-assessment. These findings are expected to promote a practical and balanced understanding of academic perfectionism by explaining the relationship between the sub-dimensions of perfectionism and academic achievement.
Subject(s)
Academic Success , Perfectionism , Self-Assessment , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Volunteers , Young AdultABSTRACT
This study examined the mediating role of meaning in life in the effect of calling on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and posttraumatic growth (PTG) among navy soldiers of the Republic of Korea deployed to the Gulf of Aden, Somalia. Participants responded to the questionnaire survey three times (pre-deployment, deployment, and post-deployment) at 4-month intervals. From the first, second, and third surveys, data were collected for 223, 195, and 103 respondents, respectively. Results showed that calling had a negative effect on PTSD, fully mediated by meaning in life, whereas calling had a positive effect on PTG, partially mediated by meaning in life. Our findings suggest that calling acts as a positive psychological resource for maintaining the meaning in life throughout stressful events experienced during deployment, thereby reducing posttraumatic stress symptoms and promoting post-deployment psychological growth. Finally, theoretical and practical implications and the need for follow-up studies are discussed.
ABSTRACT
Embryo sacs of the Korean salamander, Hynobius leechii, were collected from nine farmlands in Gyeongsangnam-Do, Korea, in early spring of 2002 and 2004. The variations in the number of embryos within each embryo sac and the mortality and abnormality rates among the embryos were investigated. We also analyzed the patterns of spontaneous embryonic malformations and the residual chemicals in the soil of the habitats using multiple-residue GC/MS. A total of 79,195 embryos were obtained from 1933 embryo sacs. There were regional variations in the length of individual embryo sacs and the number of embryos in each. The longest embryo sac averaged by region measured 20.67 cm ± 3.51 and was obtained from 2-Banseong in 2002. Of the embryos collected, 13.71% either died or stopped developing, and 3.54% of the hatched embryos developed abnormally; the latter were classified according to the patterns of malformation. External gill dysplasia was the most frequent malformation, and caudal dysplasia, abdominal blisters, and dysplasia of the fin were also observed frequently. Histopathological analysis showed neural tube abnormalities, acrania, curved notochords, thyroid teratoma, and various other kinds of endodermal developmental abnormalities. In the analysis of the residual pesticides in the soil, carbofuran, endosulfan-sulfate, and endosulfan-ß were detected in the regions with high mortality and malformation rates. These results indicate that various agricultural chemicals and other unknown factors may cause the aforementioned forms of spontaneous malformations in the embryos of Hynobius leechii.
